1. 毕业设计（论文）的内容和要求

1、内容 骨转换指标是一些骨骼重建过程中，存在于血清（液）或尿液中的产物，可用于评价骨吸收和骨形成率是否正常，提示潜在的骨骼疾病。

骨转换指标的高低可预测骨折风险，监测骨骼疾病患者的疗效，如骨质疏松症。

本研究对所收集的绝经后骨量正常及骨质疏松患者血清及尿液中的骨吸收和骨形成转换指标进行测定，评价这些骨转换指标与骨密度的相关性，进而评价其对骨折风险的预测准确度。

2. 参考文献

1. Tamaki J, Iki M, Kadowaki E, Sato Y, Chiba Y, Akiba T, Matsumoto T, Nishino H, Kagamimori S, Kagawa Y, Yoneshima H 2013 Biochemical markers for bone turnover predict risk of vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women over 10 years: the Japanese Population-based Osteoporosis (JPOS) Cohort Study. Osteoporosis International 24(3):887-897. 2. Gerdhem P, Ivaska KK, Alatalo SL, Halleen JM, Hellman J, Isaksson A, Pettersson K, Vaananen HK, Akesson K, Obrant KJ 2004 Biochemical markers of bone metabolism and prediction of fracture in elderly women. J Bone Miner Res 19(3):386-93. 3. Vasikaran S, Eastell R, Bruy#232;re O, Foldes AJ, Garnero P, Griesmacher A, McClung M, Morris HA, Silverman S, Trenti T, Wahl DA, Cooper C, Kanis JA 2011 Markers of bone turnover for the prediction of fracture risk and monitoring of osteoporosis treatment: a need for international reference standards. Osteoporosis International 22(2):391-420. 4. Garnero P, Sornay-Rendu E, Claustrat B, Delmas PD 2000 Biochemical markers of bone turnover, endogenous hormones and the risk of fractures in postmenopausal women: the OFELY study. J Bone Miner Res 15(8):1526-36. 5. Mountzios G, Terpos E, Syrigos K, Papadimitriou C, Papadopoulos G, Bamias A, Mavrikakis M, Dimopoulos MA 2010 Markers of bone remodeling and skeletal morbidity in patients with solid tumors metastatic to the skeleton receiving the biphosphonate zoledronic acid. Transl Res 155(5):247-55.

3. 毕业设计（论文）进程安排

2月 确定毕业设计的课题及相关资料的查找 3月 完成相关的材料准备；完成开题报告 3月 实验方法的确定及实验条件的优化 4月 实验阶段 5月 各项指标作比较，实验数据处理 6月 毕业论文的书写 6月 在导师指导下修改论文，完成答辩