摘 要

纺织印染废水是中国工业废水排放的主要来源之一。印染废水的组成和性能十分复杂。它们含有多种染料、芳香族化合物和杂环化合物，所以印染废水具有高色度、高碱性、高COD含量、处理难度大、处理成本高等特点。本实验使用典型有机污染物甲基橙为目标污染物。首先研究了絮凝合成的搅拌时间、金属镁离子和硅的比值、合成时的pH对产物处理废水处理效果的影响。然后研究了絮凝剂处理废水时的搅拌时间、投加量、处理时的pH对废水处理效果的影响。实验发现搅拌时间对于絮凝剂的絮凝效果影响很小，Mg/Si在最佳比值时脱色效果会有提升。合成pH在0-2左右，当pH大于3以后，絮凝剂明显分层呈胶体状，絮凝效果很差。投加量在8 mL/L左右处理效果最好，处理pH在碱性条件下8-10之间最佳，整体处理效果甲基橙去除率在90%。

关键词：印染废水 聚硅酸盐絮凝剂 处理效果 影响因素

Synthesis of Polysilicate Magnesium Flocculant and Its Flocculation Properties for Simulating Methyl Orange Wastewater

Abstract

Textile printing and dyeing wastewater is one of the major sources of industrial wastewater discharge in China. The composition and performance of printing and dyeing wastewater are very complicated. They contain a variety of dyes, aromatic compounds and heterocyclic compounds, so printing and dyeing wastewater with high color, high alkalinity, high COD content, processing difficulties, high processing costs. This experiment uses the typical organic pollutant methyl orange as the target pollutant. Firstly, the influences of the stirring time, the ratio of magnesium metal ions and silicon, and the pH during synthesis on the treatment efficiency of the product treatment wastewater were studied. Then the effects of the time of stirring, dosage, and pH of the flocculant on the treatment of wastewater were studied. The experiment found that the stirring time had little effect on the flocculating effect of the flocculant, and the decolorization effect was improved when Mg/Si was at the optimal ratio. The synthesis pH is about 0-2. When the pH is higher than 3, the flocculant is obviously stratified into colloidal form and the flocculation effect is very poor. The dosage of 8 mL/L was the best. The optimum pH was between 8-10 under alkaline conditions. The overall removal efficiency of methyl orange was 90%.

Key Words: Dyeing Wastewater; Polysilicate flocculant; Treatment effect; Influencing factors

目 录

摘要…………………………………………………………………………………I

ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………II

第一章 文献综述…………………………………………………………………1

1.1 聚硅酸盐类絮凝剂的研究现状……………………………………………1

1.2 聚硅酸………………………………………………………………………1

1.2.1 引入单种金属离子的聚硅酸盐…………………………………………1

1.2.1.1 聚硅酸铝盐…………………………………………………………2

1.2.1.2聚硅酸铁盐…………………………………………………………2

1.3 引入两种（或两种以上）金属离子的聚硅酸盐…………………………3

1.3.1 聚硅酸铝铁絮凝剂……………………………………………………3

1.3.2 聚硅酸铝镁絮凝剂……………………………………………………3

1.4 聚硅酸盐絮凝剂的应用……………………………………………………4

1.3.2 处理印染废水…………………………………………………………4

1.3.2 处理含油污水…………………………………………………………4

1.5 本文的研究内容和目的……………………………………………………5

第二章 实验部分…………………………………………………………………6

2.1 试验试剂、仪器和装置……………………………………………………6

2.2 实验内容……………………………………………………………………7

2.2.1 甲基橙模拟废水的配制………………………………………………7

2.2.2 絮凝剂的合成…………………………………………………………7

2.2.3 影响甲基橙去除率的合成因素的研究………………………………7

2.2.4 影响甲基橙去除率的处理因素的研究………………………………7

2.3 甲基橙含量的测量方法……………………………………………………8

2.3.1 标准曲线的绘制………………………………………………………8

2.3.2 计算……………………………………………………………………9

第三章 结果与讨论………………………………………………………………11

3.1 影响絮凝剂效果的合成因素的研究………………………………………11

3.1.1 絮凝剂合成pH对甲基橙去除率的影响……………………………11

3.1.2 絮凝剂合成的搅拌时间对甲基橙去除率的影响……………………11

3.1.3 絮凝剂合成的Mg/Si对甲基橙去除率的影响………………………12

3.2 影响甲基橙去除率的处理因素的研究……………………………………13

3.2.1 处理搅拌时间对甲基橙去除率的影响………………………………13

3.2.2 絮凝剂投加量对甲基橙去除率的影响………………………………14

3.2.3 处理pH对甲基橙去除率的影响……………………………………15

第四章 结论………………………………………………………………………17

参考文献……………………………………………………………………………18

致谢…………………………………………………………………………………19

第一章 文献综述

1．

无机高分子絮凝剂传统上可分为聚合铝、聚合铁、聚合硅酸以及复合型无机高分子絮凝剂四大类，但按照水中胶粒所带电荷种类也可以将其分为阳离子型、阴离子型和若干复合系列^[1]。聚硅酸絮凝剂的研究和开发可分为三个阶段：（1）聚硅酸；（2）将单金属离子引入中。（3）在聚硅酸中引入两种金属离子^[2]。由于聚硅酸絮凝剂同时具有电中和、吸附，，^[3]。