摘 要

集体抗争是指在冲突中较弱的一方因为自己的利益受到伤害而采取的被迫反应性的集体行动。然而在现实中，很多集体行动并不是被迫的，而是当自己切身利益受到侵害时而采取的主动性的行动。在社会主义民主政治建设发展的今天，人民群众与各种权力机关、组织机构因为各种矛盾产生了激烈的博弈，从而各种形式的集体行动爆发。立基于案例，探讨老人参与集体抗争的原因、特点以及老人在集体抗争中发挥作用的效度和限度，进而提出在集体抗争活动中，政府、社区、公民特别是老人应对冲突、解决问题的原则性建议，即政府应该保持中立的角色，拓宽协商型的对话渠道，要建立公正的社会制度和完善的利益表达机制，使集体抗争走向理性合法。

在第一章中首先阐明了老人与集体抗争的研究缘起以及研究的意义与目的；其次，梳理了关于集体抗争的国内外研究现状，提出相应的研究方法，并根据研究现状提出研究价值与创新之处。第二章对集体抗争和身份政治做出比较详细的概念界定。第三章分析了JN家园社区权力结构现状及集体抗争事件。在集体抗争事件中，JN家园社区中居委会的缺位，凸显了业主委员会的功能，而物业公司在整个事件中持安守本分的态度。集体抗争事件从发起到最后分别经历了温和阶段、激进阶段和重回温和这三个阶段。第四章分析了JN家园社区老人在集体抗争中发挥特殊作用原因及特点分析。老人在集体抗争中发挥作用的原因分为自身原因和社会原因两个方面。其次，分析了老人在集体抗争中发挥作用的特点。第五章分析了JN家园社区老人在集体抗争中的特殊作用。首先，指出了老人在集体抗争中的效度。其次，分析了老人在集体抗争过程中的限度。第六章分析了应对老人集体抗争的治理措施。老人参与集体抗争也存在局限性，也会导致消极影响。可以从政府、社会、老人多个角度采取治理措施来解决这个问题。最后笔者认为发展社区社会力量，完善和引导社区自治组织稳定有序的发展，逐步营造一个良好的社区环境，是实现基层社区善治的必由之路。

关键词：集体抗争；老人；限度；效度

Abstract

Collective protest is a forced, reactive collective action in which a weaker party in a conflict is harmed by its own interests. However, in reality, many collective actions are not forced, but active actions taken when their personal interests are violated. Today, with the construction and development of socialist democratic politics, the masses of the people and various organs of power and organizations have created a fierce game because of all kinds of contradictions. Thus, various forms of collective action broke out. Based on the case, reasons and characteristics and explore the elderly elderly to participate in the collective protest play a role in the validity and limitation of collective struggle, and then put forward in collective protest activities, government, community and citizen especially principle suggests that elderly people dealing with conflicts and solve problems, the government should maintain a neutral role, broaden the consultation type the channels of dialogue, to establish a fair social system and perfect benefit expression mechanism, the collective struggle toward rational legal.

In the first chapter first explains the origin of the old man and the collective struggle as well as the research significance and purpose; secondly, a collective protest at home and abroad on the review of the current situation, put forward the relevant research methods, and according to the research status quo research value and innovation. The second chapter defines the concept of collective struggle and identity politics in more detail. The third chapter analyzes the current situation of the power structure of JN home community and the collective resistance events. In the absence of collective resistance events, JN home community in the neighborhood, highlights the function of the owners' committee, the property holding company place attitude in the whole event. From the beginning to the end, collective protest events have gone through three stages, namely, rational stage, irrational stage and return to reason. The fourth chapter analyzes the reasons and characteristics of the special role of the elderly in the JN community in the collective struggle. The reasons why the elderly play a role in the collective struggle are divided into two aspects: their own causes and social causes. Secondly, the characteristics of the elderly in collective struggle are analyzed. The fifth chapter analyzes the special role of the elderly in JN family community in the collective struggle. First of all, the validity of the old man's collective struggle is pointed out. Secondly, the limitations of the old people in the process of collective struggle are analyzed. The sixth chapter analyzes the measures to cope with the collective struggle of the elderly. The old people's participation in collective struggle also has limitations, and can also lead to negative effects. We can take measures from government, society and old people to solve this problem. Finally, the author believes that the development of community social forces, the improvement and guidance of stable and orderly development of community self -governance organizations, and the gradual establishment of a good community environment are the only way to achieve good governance at the grass-roots level

Key words: Collective protest, the elderly, limitation, validity

目 录

摘 要 III

Abstract IV

第1章 序言 9

1.1选题缘起 9

1.2研究意义及目的 9

1.2.1研究意义 9

1.2.2研究目的 10

1.3国内外研究现状 10

1.3.1集体抗争分析路径的研究 10

1.3.2城市社区集体抗争主体的研究 11

1.3.3老人与集体抗争的研究 12

1.4 研究方法 13

1.4.1文献研究法 13

1.4.2访谈法与观察法 13