上海港口节能减排综合评价研究毕业论文
2021-03-11 22:17:44
摘 要
伴随着我国经济快速的发展,环境污染带来的问题也越来越大,各行各业都在寻找着环境友好型发展方式。港口作为交通运输中的重要一环,在节能减排方面有着巨大的发展潜力。上海港是我国的最大的港口,在国家节能减排的工作要求下,上海港最近几年的在节能减排工作方面取得了较好的成绩,但是针对目前的情况而言,节能减排工作仍有很大的提升空间,如开展节能减排工作的方式需要改进,对于节能减排工作的评价需要建立一个完整的体系等。此外上海港在规划设计中没有对节能减排工作引起足够的重视,导致后期工作开展有一定的难度。总之,上海港的节能减排工作没目前缺乏的是一个科学系统的评价体系,正确的评价上海港节能减排取得的效果,再针对此评价提出合理的解决方案,是上海港目前需要解决的重要问题。
本文首先叙述的是有关港口节能减排的相关理论,阐述了节能减排的有关概念,对港口发展的模式以及污染种类等方面进行了详细的叙述,对国内外港口的节能减排的研究以及发展现状做出了举例论证。其次,分析了目前上海港的节能减排工作状况,包括上海港的发展现状,主要的能耗,目前上海港采取的节能减排的方法和技术,以及取得的效果以及存在的问题等。第三,评价了上海港节能减排的效果,首先举出来影响上海港节能减排的因素。其次,介绍了本文节能减排评价方法,并且构建了上海港节能减排综合评价指标体系。本文采用模糊评价的方法,结合上海港的具体情况提供了一套综合评价的方式。最后,针对分析结果,提出上海港提高节能减排能力的相关对策,包括健全港口运营体系,开展技术革新,加大教育宣传等方面内容,为上海港节能减排工作的开展提出一些建议和对策。
关键词:上海港;节能减排;评价;对策
Abstract
With the rapid development of China's economy, the problems caused by environmental pollution are also growing, all walks of life are looking for environmentally friendly development. Port as an important part of transport, energy saving and emission reduction has great potential for development. Shanghai Port is China's largest port, in the national energy-saving emission reduction work requirements, Shanghai Port in recent years in energy-saving emission reduction work has achieved good results, but for the current situation, energy-saving emission reduction work. There is still a lot of room for improvement, such as energy-saving emission reduction work to improve the way, for the evaluation of energy-saving emission reduction work to establish a complete system. In addition, Shanghai Port in the planning and design of energy-saving emission reduction work did not pay enough attention, leading to the late work to carry out a certain degree of difficulty. In short, the Shanghai port of energy-saving emission reduction work is not the current lack of a scientific system of evaluation system, the correct evaluation of the Shanghai port energy-saving emission reduction effect, and then for this evaluation put forward a reasonable solution is the Shanghai port needs to be resolved important question.
This paper first describes the relevant theory of energy saving and emission reduction in port, expounded the concept of energy saving and emission reduction, the port development model and the pollution type, ecological port and other aspects of a detailed description of the domestic and international port energy saving The research and development of the status quo has made an example demonstration. Secondly, it analyzes the current situation of energy saving and emission reduction in Shanghai, including the development status of Shanghai port, the main energy consumption, the methods and techniques of energy saving and emission reduction adopted by Shanghai Port, and the effect and existing problems. Third, the assessment of the effect of energy conservation in Shanghai, the first to cite the impact of energy conservation in Shanghai port factors. Secondly, this paper introduces the method of energy saving and emission reduction, and constructs the comprehensive evaluation index system of energy saving and emission reduction in Shanghai. Using fuzzy evaluation method, combined with the specific circumstances of Shanghai to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the way. Finally, according to the analysis results, the paper puts forward some suggestions on improving the energy-saving and emission-reducing capacity of the harbor, including improving the port operation system, carrying out technological innovation, increasing education propaganda and so on, puts forward some suggestions for the energy- countermeasure.
Key words: Shanghai port; energy saving and emission reduction; evaluation; countermeasure
目 录
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究综述 2
1.3 论文主要研究内容 4
1.4 研究方法和技术路线 4
第2章 上海港节能减排现状分析 6
2.1 上海港发展现状 6
2.2 上海港节能减排现状 6
2.2.1 上海港主要能耗及污染分析 6
2.2.2 上海港节能减排的主要方法及效果 8
2.2.3 上海港节能减排存在问题 9
第3章 上海港节能减排评价 11
3.1 上海港节能减排的影响因素 11
3.2 上海港节能减排综合评价指标 12
3.3 上海港节能减排综合评价模型 12
3.3.1 模糊综合评价法的基本理论 12
3.3.2 评价模型的建立 13
3.3.3 上海港节能减排综合评价 14
第4章 上海港提高节能减排能力的相关对策 18
4.1 完善港口管理制度 18
4.2 有效开展技术革新 18
4.3 加大监管及宣传教育 18
第5章 总结与结论 20
参考文献 21
致 谢 22
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
进入到21世纪以来,我国的经济发展速度非常迅猛,GDP增速常年位于世界领先地位,快速发展的经济给我国带来了翻天覆地的变化,人们的物质生活水平有了很大的改善。但是我国目前面临的资源消耗和环境污染的问题同样不可小视。目前,我国经济发展进入了新常态,能源消耗的速度明显放缓,但是我国的经济社会发展依然受到资源环境等问题的制约,节能减排的形式仍然不容乐观。2017年是“十三五”规划的重要一年,我国也定下了更高的节能减排工作目标。具体来说,“十三五”期间我国在节能环保方面的投入将比“十二五”期间增加一倍,并且将在水资源和大气资源等领域投入更多的资金。到2020年,全国万元国内生产总值能耗要比2015年下降15%,能源消费总量控制在50亿吨标准煤以内。全国挥发性有机物排放总量比2015年下降10%以上。这是针对我国国情,着眼于未来,有利于推进供给侧结构性改革,加快转变经济结构,实现“五位一体”战略,加快生态文明建设的重大战略决策。
以往我国的经济发展模式较为粗放,一味的追求经济的发展速度而忽略了经济发展的可持续性,以破坏环境为代价换取经济的发展。现如今,这种不健康的发展模式已经不能适应我国经济发展的新形势,我国已经意识到这种不健康的发展模式的弊端,可持续发展、节能减排的字眼也频频出现,在追求经济发展的同时也要美丽的生态环境,这种可持续发展的观念已经深入人心。