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毕业论文网 > 毕业论文 > 理工学类 > 自动化 > 正文

地磁场解算系统开发毕业论文

 2021-03-27 16:52:41  

摘 要

IGRF11(Finlay et al,2010;Macmillan,Finlay,2011)是国际地磁学与高空物理学协会(International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy,IAGA)联合发布的第十一代国际地磁参考场(International Geomagnetic Reference Field )[1]。自从第一代IGRF成为计算地球地磁场的数值模型以来,IAGA到2015年为止一共发布了11代IGRF。其精度和准确度不断提升,尤其是最新发布的IGRF11模型。地磁场是地球上一种重要的天然磁源,它在日常生活和国家科研等一些领域中都有着非常重要的用途。虽然人们天天处于地磁场的影响下,但是我们无法像感受热量一样依靠自身的感官来估计地磁场的大小和方向。所以利用地磁场的一些固有特点,我们可以开发出应用于地磁测量的地磁场解算系统,这对于资源探测、地震预报、地磁导航、地球科学、空间天气、地图测绘、掌握火山的活动规律等诸多领域都拥有巨大的研究价值和广阔的应用前景。

IGRF11是建立在参考圆球与球心坐标系下的地磁参考场,本设计中运用高斯球谐分析方法来建立全球地磁场参考模型。在建立地磁场模型后,由于地球磁场为向量场(或矢量场),所以在近地空间内的任意一点的地磁矢量都与其他地点的地磁矢量不完全一致,且与该地理点的地理坐标存在一一对应的矢量关系。因此,根据这个理论,只要确定某个地理点的位置信息即可按照某种解算算法解算出地磁场信息。本文采用C语言的方法编写解算系统,根据地磁场信息与位置信息之间存在的对应算法,首先,将通过以太网取自导航系统的位置信息转换成在地心坐标系下的地心坐标,分别为地心余伟、东经度和地心径向距离。然后,将这三个数值代入经过年变率校正的磁场地心分量的计算公式中,可得到建立在球坐标系下的三个磁场地心分量。最后,将磁场地心分量转换成建立在大地坐标系下的磁场大地分量,得到了解算后的地磁场信息。即实现了在一台计算机上根据IGRF11解算地磁场,解算的地磁信息通过以太网送给另外一台计算机的目的。总之,在C语言编译的基础上,实现了对地磁场解算系统的开发。

关键词:国际地磁参考场;高斯球谐系数;地磁要素;Schmidt准归一化的缔合勒让德函数

Abstract

IGRF11 (Finlay et al, 2010; Macmillan, Finlay, 2011) is the eleventh generation of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (International Geomagnetic Reference Field), jointly issued by the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA) The Since the first generation of IGRF has become a numerical model for calculating the Earth's geomagnetic field, IAGA has released 11 IGRFs by 2015. Its accuracy and accuracy of the upgrade, especially the latest release of the IGRF11 model. Geomagnetic field is an important natural magnetic source on earth, it is in daily life and national research and other fields have a very important purpose. Although people are under the influence of the geomagnetic field every day, but we can not feel the same heat as their own senses to estimate the size and direction of the magnetic field.Therefore, the use of some of the inherent characteristics of geomagnetic field, we can develop geomagnetic field geomagnetic field measurement system,which has great research value and broad application prospect for resource exploration, earthquake prediction, geomagnetic navigation, earth science, spatial weather, map mapping, mastery of volcanic activity and many other fields.

IGRF11 is a geomagnetic reference field built on the reference sphere and the spherical coordinate system. In this design, Gaussian spherical harmonic analysis method is used to establish the global geomagnetic reference model.After the geomagnetic field model is established, since the Earth's magnetic field is a vector field (or vector field), the geomagnetic vector at any point in the near-Earth space is not exactly the same as the geomagnetic vector at other locations,and there is a one-to-one correspondence with the geographical coordinates of the geographical point.Therefore, according to this theory, as long as the location information to determine a geographical point in accordance with a solution algorithm to solve the geomagnetic field information.In this paper, C language method is used to write the solution system. According to the corresponding algorithm between geomagnetic field information and location information,first, the location information from the navigation system through the Ethernet is converted into the geocentric coordinates in the geocentric coordinate system, respectively, the center of the earth, the longitude and the radial distance.Then, these three values are substituted into the calculation formula of the magnetic field geocentric component which is corrected by the annual variation rate, and the three magnetic field geocentric components based on the spherical coordinate system can be obtained. Finally, the magnetic field geocentric component is transformed into the magnetic field component based on the geodetic coordinate system, and the geomagnetic field information is obtained. That is achieved in a computer based on IGRF11 to solve the magnetic field, the calculation of geomagnetic information through Ethernet to another computer for the purpose.Finally, on the basis of C language compilation, the development of geomagnetic field solving system is realized.

Key Words:International geomagnetic reference field;Gaussian harmonic harmonic coefficient;geomagnetic elements;Schmidt quasi-normalized associative le

目 录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景和意义 1

1.2 国内外研究现状 2

1.3 研究内容 3

第2章 地磁场解算系统的设计 5

2.1 球谐分析建立地磁场模型 5

2.1.1 地磁场模型 5

2.1.2 球谐分析方法及应用 5

2.2 解算系统的设计 6

2.3 大地坐标转地心坐标 7

2.4 计算磁场地心分量 8

2.4.1 Schmidt准归一化的缔合勒让德函数 8

2.4.2 年变率的校正 9

2.4.3 磁场地心分量的计算 10

2.5 磁场地心分量转大地分量 10

第3章 解算系统的软件开发 12

3.1 位置信息的输入 12

3.2 地心坐标的转化 12

3.3 磁场地心分量的计算 13

3.3.1 定义勒让德函数 13

3.3.2 球谐系数的校正 15

3.3.3 磁场地心分量的计算 16

3.4 磁场大地分量的解算 17

第4章 运行结果及误差分析 18

4.1 运行结果与比较 18

4.2 误差分析 20

第5章 结语 22

参考文献 23

致 谢 24

第1章 绪论

地磁场是在时空域上变化的矢量场。地磁仿真基准图和地磁模型是描述地球磁场常见的两种模型。1965年,Cain带领的科学团队研究了全球地磁资料的高斯分析,得出了全球地磁场模型。后来,国际地磁学与高空物理学协会(IAGA)有一个地磁场模型研究组(Working Group V-MOD),该研究组从事以5年为间隔的国际地磁参考场(IGRF)研究,发布IGRF,至今已有第1-11代国际地磁参考场,可供科学研究与实际应用[2][3][4]

地磁场包括内源场(地核场和地壳场)和外源场(电离层场和磁层场)。地磁场模型是描述磁场在不同时空上分布特点的数学表达式。本文简述了如何将取自导航系统的位置信息通过特定的算法解算为地磁场信息,介绍了球谐分析方法及其在地磁模型中的应用,结合地磁场的计算值和实际中的观测值分析了造成地磁场模型误差和解算误差的主要原因。

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