摘 要

Abstract II

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 设计背景 1

1.1.1 复合材料的发展与应用 1

1.1.2 纤维铺放技术的发展 2

1.2 国内外研究现状对比 4

1.2.1 国外研究现状 4

1.2.2 国内研究现状 5

1.3 研究目的及意义 5

1.4 设计研究内容 6

第2章 自适应铺丝头设计方案 7

2.1 纤维铺放头基本工作原理 7

2.2 铺丝头机构设计 8

2.2.1 剪切机构设计 8

2.2.2 重送机构设计 11

2.2.3 压紧机构设计 13

2.2.4 各机构布置顺序 14

2.2.5 导向结构设计 14

2.2.6 自适应压辊头设计 16

2.3 本章小结 19

第3章 关键部件的选型与校核 20

3.1 关键部件的计算选型 20

3.1.1 气缸选型 20

3.1.2 电机选型 22

3.1.3 重送轮轴轴径计算 22

3.2 关键零部件的校核 23

结 论 25

参考文献 26

致谢 28

摘 要

自动纤维铺放技术（AFP）作为一种先进的复合材料成型技术，能够很好地适应各种复杂曲面，工作性能稳定可靠，该技术在国外已经趋于成熟，而国内对其的研究尚处于起步阶段。本文以自动铺丝设备中的铺丝头为切入点，提出了一种结构简单、功能齐全的自适应铺丝头的设计方法。

铺丝头是本文的主要研究对象，根据其预期应具有的预浸丝束牵引/输送、冷却/加热、施压贴紧、剪切、重送等功能，采取了模块化的设计方法，对剪切机构、重送机构、压紧机构等关键部分进行了设计。此外，根据最大铺丝数为5路的设计要求，结合各功能模块之间的配合关系，本文完成了对铺丝头的整体机构设计。该铺丝头整体机构主要包括：由气缸、刀块、切刀等部件组成的剪切机构，气缸直接驱动切刀，完成对纤维丝束的剪切；由气缸、重送轮、电机、齿轮等部件组成的重送机构，利用重送主动轮与滚轮之间的挤压摩擦对丝束进行重送；由气缸、压紧块组成的压紧机构，气缸直接驱动压紧块对丝束进行压紧；上下端错位排布的丝束导槽，合理利用空间，并辅以送冷风孔，对丝束进行导向和输送；由固定轴、气囊、移动轴等部件组成的压辊头，能够适应各种复杂曲面，具有较好的自适应性。

为了保证设计的可靠性，对标准件进行了选型，对铺丝头的关键性零件进行了尺寸设计以及强度校核，并根据需要对整体结构进行了静力学分析，分析结果表明，整体机构设计合理，具有较好的工作性能。

关键词：复合材料；自动化铺丝；铺丝头；自适应

Abstract

As an advanced molding technology, Automatic fiber placement technology（AFP） can be well adapted to a variety of complex surfaces, stable and reliable performance, the technology has become mature in foreign countries, and domestic research is still in its infancy. In view of the above problems, this paper presents a simple and fully functional design method of self-adaptive laying head with the laying head of automatic shoe laying equipment.

The fiber placement head is the main research object of this paper. According to the function of the trapping / conveying, cooling / heating, pressing and pressing, cutting and re-feeding of the pre-impregnated tow, it is necessary to adopt a modular design method. Cutting mechanism, retracting mechanism, pressing mechanism and other key parts of the design. In addition, according to the design requirements of the maximum number of berths 5, combined with the coordination between the functional modules, this paper completed the overall design of the shop head. The whole body of the laying head mainly comprises a shearing mechanism composed of a cylinder, a cutter block and a cutter, and the cylinder directly drives the cutter to complete the shearing of the fiber tow; the cylinder, the reheating wheel, the motor, the gear And the like, and the tow is composed of a cylinder and a pressing block, and the cylinder directly drives the pressing block to carry out the tow The use of space, and supplemented by the cold air hole, the tow to guide and transport; by the fixed shaft, air bag, moving shaft and other components of the pressure roller head, can be Adapt to a variety of complex surfaces, with good adaptability.

In order to ensure the reliability of the design, the standard parts were selected, the key parts of the shop were designed and dimensioned, and the overall structure was statistically analyzed according to the need. The results show that the whole body Reasonable design and good working performance.

Keywords: Composites; Automatic fiber placement technology; fiber placement head; Adaptive

第1章 绪论

1.1 设计背景

1.1.1 复合材料的发展与应用

复合材料是指由两种或两种以上不同物质以不同方式组合而成的材料，它可以发挥各种材料的优点，克服材料单一的缺点，将材料的应用范围扩大。复合材料由于其具有强度高、重量轻、弹性优良、加工成型方便、耐化学腐蚀和耐候性好等特点，已逐渐取代木材及金属合金等材料，广泛应用于航空航天、汽车、电气等领域，而近几年来，复合材料更是得到了飞速的发展，据统计，2013年全球复合材料用量达到820万吨，市场价值更是达到了惊人的1100亿美元。