C3-RX型城市SUV轿车车身总布置设计毕业论文
2021-05-13 22:52:18
摘 要
车身总布置设计围绕人机工程进行,在满足车身造型的要求下,对车身各部分的位置及空间进行设计,在整个汽车设计工程中占有重要地位。主要有两种设计方法,一是从内向外的正向法,二是从外向内的反向法。雪铁龙C3-XR是东风雪铁龙推出的首款SUV,本次设计以该车型作为参考。
在本次设计中,采用正向设计的方法以H点为基础,根据相关标准与经验公式对车身室内空间进行了设计,并在不改变汽车外形参数的情况下对发动机、油箱、行李箱等的位置也进行了布置,最后在SolidWorks软件中绘出了眼椭圆样板在侧视图及俯视图中的投影并分别完成了对驾驶员左右视野与上下视野的校核。设计过程中,以参考车型对参数进行协调与改善,使之更加合理。绘制了整车总布置的侧视图、主视图以及踏板处布置图以对本次设计学习有一个更直观和深刻的理解,同时根据设计参数在SolidWorks中制作了司机座椅、乘客座椅以及前挡风玻璃的三维模型,并将它们转化为了二维零件图。
关键词:车身总布置;SUV;人机工程;H点;眼椭圆;视野校核
Abstract
The vehicle body layout design is a process based on Human Factors and Ergonomics (HFamp;E), it`s main purpose is to achieve the design of the inner space of the vehicle body and accomplish the arrange of other parts on the vehicle as well as the overall require has been satisfied. It plays an important role in the whole vehicle design process. Two methods use to be applied in the layout design, one is to design from inside to outside as the positive method, and the other is to design from outside to inside as the negative. Citroen C3-XR is the first SUV has been released by DongFeng – Citroen Corporation, which has been adopted as the reference of this design.
The work applied positive method, set H point at first, then finished inner space design according to related standards and experienced formula, also the displacement of other parts like the motor, the fuel tank and the luggage compartment. Finally, this work created a model of 99% eyellipse and developed it’s side view and top view in SolidWorks as the check on the ken of the driver. While design processing, the reference has been used to balance and improve the parameters which would give a more suitable result. The main view and side view of the whole body layout draft was drawn as well as the layout of the footboard, which devoted to give a more clear and impressive effect in this design study. The 3-D model of both driver’s and passenger’s seat also front windshield was created, they both have been transferred in to 2-D mode.
Key Words: Vehicle body layout; SUV; Human Factors and Ergonomics; Eyellipse; Ken check
目 录
第一章 绪论1
1.1 车身总布置1
1.1.1 车身总布置内容及原则1
1.1.2 设计方法2
1.2 国内外研究现状3
1.3 本章小结3
第二章 C3-XR型城市SUV车身总布置设计4
2.1 整车基本选型4
2.1.1 轿车底盘布置形式选择4
2.1.2 车架结构选择5
2.2 基本参数的初步确定5
2.2.1 主要尺寸参数的计算与选择6
2.2.2 室内尺寸参数的选择6
2.3 整车布置坐标零线确定7
2.4 车厢及驾驶室的布置8
2.4.1 百分位H点人体模型8
2.4.2 人体舒适驾乘姿势9
2.4.3 座椅布置11
2.4.4 轿车顶棚外轮廓线的确定14
2.4.5 踏板布置15
2.4.6 手操纵件布置16
2.4.7 仪表盘总成的布置17
2.4.8 车厢内其他参数的确定18
2.5 发动机布置18
2.6 后围板、行李箱、油箱、备胎及排气管的布置19
2.7 本章小结20
第三章 眼椭圆与驾驶员视野校核21
3.1 眼椭圆及眼椭圆样板21
3.2 眼椭圆样板在车身视图上的定位23
3.3 驾驶员视野校核23
3.4 本章小结28
结论29
参考文献30
致谢32
第一章 绪论
SUV即运动型多用途车,这种车型的主要特点一是拥有旅行车般舒适性和优秀的空间机能;二是货车、卡车般的强劲牵引力以及越野、四驱能力,以其二者兼顾的特色以及宽泛实用的价位在世界范围成为畅销车种。2007年起,我国SUV市场进入加速发展阶段,SUV年销量增速超过乘用车整体占乘用车市场份额明显提高[1]。近年来,我国SUV市场增长趋势延续,2015年全国销量达622.03万辆,同比增长49.65%[2],纵观国内经济市场,可以预计的是,数年内国内SUV市场需求仍会保持高速增长。与此同时,雪铁龙C3-XR于2014年底上市,是东风雪铁龙的首款SUV车型,它是一款小型SUV,拥有的2655mm轴距相对其它紧凑级SUV来说出色不少,这使这款车型在同级车中具有了相对优秀的驾乘空间与驾乘体验,并使这款车型在SUV中具有了一定的代表意义。
车身总布置设计与人机工程学密不可分,并在此之上充分考虑制造工艺、材料特性等。在满足车身造型的要求下,对车身的主要技术参数进行选择、对车身室内空间的大小进行设计,对各种机构、电气设备在车身的位置进行布置,最后设计并确定车身内饰总成,对各部件如仪表板、操纵机构、座椅等的位置进行了确定。这项工作在汽车设计工程中扮演着举足轻重的地位,它是确定车内空间利用状况、决定整辆汽车的内部与外观造型的设计环节,对乘坐的舒适性、操纵的便利性还有安全性等汽车的驾乘关键特性有着决定性的影响。