摘 要

本文在服装逆向供应链和服装电商逆向物流的行业分析和前人研究基础上，围绕着服装电商逆向供应链，分析了电商逆向供应链中的退换货逆向物流问题，并针对其中退换货周期长、换季爆仓、退还衣物剩余价值开发等三个痛点，先后从4PL运作模式、运营策略和平台设计等三个方面提出了基于4PL的服装电商供应链平台逆向物流优化方案。该方案对中小型服装企业实施闭环供应链管理和优化具有较高的应用价值。

本文主要研究了中小型服装企业的电商逆向物流的优化方案。服装电商逆向物流包含季节性返仓物流、废弃物物流和退换货物流这三类，分别对应着换季爆仓、退还衣物剩余价值开发不足、退换货周期长三个痛点问题。本文以研究退换货物流为核心，兼并对废弃物物流和季节性返仓物流的改进。

从分析中小型服装企业逆向物流实施的困难原因入手，通过构建行业集群和组建“4PL 3PL 服装企业 服装处理企业”联盟的方式来实施供应链闭环的优化。在此基础上，提出了适用于基于4PL平台和共享仓库的退换货4PL平台创新模式、基于信任机制和预检测分类的检测前置策略、基于联盟机制的退换货中间处理点和再分类处理的处理前置策略

分别对应解决换季爆仓、退换货周期长、退还衣物剩余价值开发这三个痛点问题，并用数学模型和算例来验证双前置策略对服装电商退换货逆向物流的优化效果。最后在研究现代服装供应链平台的基础上，针对服装供应链4PL联盟模式和双前置策略对供应链平台的结构和构架进行了优化，为实现闭环供应链的优化提供了应用基础。

关键词：服装电商；逆向物流优化；供应链闭环；4PL联盟；供应链平台

Abstract

Based on the industry analysis and previous research of clothing reverse supply chain and clothing e-commerce reverse logistics, this paper analyzes the problem of reverse logistics in the e-commerce reverse supply chain and focuses on the reverse logistics in the e-commerce reverse supply chain. The three pain points, such as long cargo cycle, season-changing warehouse, and the development of the return of clothing surplus value, have proposed a 4PL-based reverse logistics optimization plan for the clothing e-commerce supply chain platform from three aspects: 4PL operation mode, operation strategy and platform design. This program has high application value for the implementation of closed-loop supply chain management and optimization for small and medium-sized apparel companies.

This paper mainly studies the optimization scheme of e-commerce reverse logistics for small and medium-sized clothing enterprises. Apparel e-commerce reverse logistics includes three types of seasonal return logistics, waste logistics and returned goods flow, which correspond to the three pain points of seasonal warehouse explosion, insufficient value development of returned clothing, and long return cycle. This article focuses on the study of the flow of returned goods, as well as the improvement of waste logistics and seasonal return logistics.

Starting from the analysis of the difficulties in the implementation of reverse logistics in small and medium-sized clothing companies, the optimization of the supply chain closed loop is implemented by constructing industry clusters and forming a "4PL 3PL garment company garment processing company" alliance. On this basis, the 4PL platform innovation model based on the 4PL platform and shared warehouse, the pre-detection strategy based on the trust mechanism and the pre-detection classification, the intermediate processing point and the reclassification process based on the alliance mechanism are proposed. Handling front-end strategies correspondingly solve the three pain points of seasonal storage, long return cycle, and the return of clothing remaining value development, and use mathematical models and examples to verify the optimization effect of the double front-end strategy on clothing e-commerce return and reverse logistics. Finally, on the basis of studying the modern apparel supply chain platform, the structure and structure of the supply chain platform are optimized for the apparel supply chain 4PL alliance model and double front-end strategy, which provides an application foundation for the optimization of the closed-loop supply chain.

Key Words：Apparel e-commerce; Reverse logistics optimization; Supply chain closed loop; 4PL alliance; Supply chain platform

目录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景 1

1.2目的与意义 2

1.3研究内容 2

1.4研究方法 3

1.5技术路线 4

第2章 文献综述 5

2.1电商物流及服装供应链概述 5

2.1.1电商物流概述 5

2.1.1服装企业物流概述 6

2.2相关研究的文献回顾 7

2.2.1服装逆向物流供应链 7

2.2.2 服装电商逆向物流 9

2.2.3服装电商退换货逆向物流 10

2.2.4 相关研究文献回顾评述 12

第3章 服装电商逆向物流4PL联盟模式优化 14

3.1 服装电商闭环供应链优化 14

3.1.1服装企业正向供应链 14

3.1.2服装电商供应链 14

3.1.3传统服装闭环供应链 16

3.1.4服装闭环供应链优化 16

3.1.5优化后的服装电商闭环供应链 17

3.2 4PL联盟组织机制优化 19

3.3 4PL联盟运作模式优化 21

3.3.1 服装业逆向物流运作模式 21

3.3.2 物流业4PL运作模式 22

3.3.3 服装电商退换货4PL平台创新模式 24

3.4本章小结 25

第4章 服装电商退换货逆向物流运营策略优化 26

4.1 检测前置策略 26

4.1.1 信任机制的应用 26

4.1.2 检测点的建立 27

4.1.3 预分类处理的落实 28

4.2 处理前置策略 28

4.2.1 退换货中间处理点的建立 28

4.2.2 再检测分类处理 29

4.2.3 增值处理 30

4.3 服装电商退换货逆向物流优化验证模型 31

4.3.1 构建数学模型 31

4.3.2 算例分析 33

4.4本章小结 34

第5章 服装电商供应链平台优化 36

5.1 平台结构与功能优化 36

5.2 平台架构优化 38

5.3 新增退换货平台结构 39

5.4本章小结 41

第6章 总结与展望 42

6.1总结 42

6.2展望 43

参考文献 45

致谢 47

图录

图1. 1 技术路线图 4

图2. 1 电商物流概念关系图谱 5

图2. 2 企业物流概念关系图谱 6