摘 要

高铁集装器作为一种借鉴航空集装器的一种新型产业，有着其十分独到的优势，国家为了加大研发力度，在发布的“十三五”国家重点研发计划课题《时速250公里以上货运动车组的研制》（中车唐山机车车辆有限公司承担）中就有一项《新型标准集装设备研制》的任务，本次课题来源于此。本文先借助ug对某大型集装器进行建模和简化，并用hypermesh软件对其进行了有限元的分析，对集装器的每个面都进行了拟态分析，并且借助模态分析理论，钣金贡献量等理论，对其材料的选择和模型的部件厚度进行优化。使其在原来的基础上质量得以减轻，达到了轻量化的目的。

论文主要研究了两种集装器在不同工况下的有限元分析，并对其结构进行强度和疲劳校核，对结构和材料进行了改进。对集装器的底面，侧面和背面等进行了应力分析和疲劳校核优化了厚度和材料，并且对集装器的底座，内部的骨架等进行了简单的拓扑优化，给出了优化后的结构。

研究结果表明，大型集装器结构上满足要求。新型小型集装器在满足基本要求的基础上，对其进行模态优化后，许多承重部件都可进行结构上的优化，最后使集装器能够减重约5.87%，达到了轻量化的目的。

关键词：高铁集装器，建模和简化，模态分析，轻量化;

Abstract

Container unit as a reference to a new kind of industry of aviation container, its very has a unique advantage, the country in order to make greater efforts to research and development in the research and development plan "much starker choices-and graver consequences-in" issued by the national key project "the development of freight trains at speeds of up to 250 kilometers or more" (car in tangshan locomotive vehicle co., LTD.) is a "new standard container equipment development tasks, this topic. In this paper, a large loader was modeled and simplified by ug, and its finite element analysis was carried out by hypermesh software. Mimicry analysis was carried out on each face of the loader. Besides, the material selection and the part thickness of the model were optimized by means of modal analysis theory and sheet metal contribution theory. So that its quality can be reduced on the basis of the original, to achieve the purpose of lightweight.

This paper mainly studies the finite element analysis of the loader under different working conditions, and carries out strength and fatigue check on its structure, and improves its structure and material.Stress analysis and fatigue check were carried out on the bottom, side and back of the concentrator to optimize the thickness and material, and simple topological optimization was carried out on the base and internal skeleton of the concentrator to give the optimized structure

The results show that many load-bearing parts can be optimized structurally after the modal optimization of the new type loader meets the basic requirements, and the weight of the loader can be reduced by about 5.87%, achieving the goal of lightening.

Keywords:Container unit；Modeling and simplification；The modal analysis；lightweight.

Catalog

Chapter 1 The introduction..............................................................................................................1

• 1. Development background of high - speed iron composite loader.....................................1

1.2 The research status of high - speed iron composite loader................................................3

1.2.1 Domestic research status.............................................................................................3

1.2.2 Research status abroad................................................................................................4

1.3 The significance of lightweight composite loader.............................................................5

Chapter 2 Research methods and finite element models..............................................................7

2.1Foundation of finite element theory.......................................................................................7

2.2Finite element analysis method..............................................................................................8

2.2.1 The introduce of hypermesh...........................................................................................8

2.2.2Finite element analysis procedure....................................................................................9

2.3Finite element modeling of loader model.............................................................................12

Chapter 3 Stress distribution characteristics of the loader under the ultimate working condition

......................................................................................................................................................15

3.1The ultimate load when the two undersides bear the load....................................................15

3.1.1Upper and lower load analysis......................................................................................15

3.1.2Bottom load analysis.....................................................................................................16

3.2Analysis with fixed acceleration...........................................................................................16

3.2.1Summary of high-speed rail acceleration.....................................................................16

3.2.2Analysis of working conditions with fixed acceleration..............................................16

3.3Stress distribution in case of emergency...............................................................................17

Chapter 4 The structure optimization and material selection of the loader...................................19

4.1The basic principle of finite element for modal analysis......................................................19

4.1.1.Lznezos profile............................................................................................................19

4.1.2Optimization process....................................................................................................20

4.2Modal analysis results and stress check................................................................................21