母国政府产业偏好对企业海外FDI合法性及生存绩效的影响毕业论文
2021-11-07 21:15:39
摘 要
近年来,中美贸易摩擦加剧,中方企业频频在美受阻,在以往研究中,将FDI(Foreign Direct Investment外商直接投资)生存绩效作为单独的结果变量的研究非常少,丰富企业FDI生存绩效影响机制的相关研究以应对国际政治、经济动荡具有重要意义。
本文采用多案例研究方法,针对母国政府产业偏好对企业FDI合法性及生存绩效的影响机制的研究问题,遵循理论抽样方法原理,按照母国政府产业偏好的分类,选取中石油、中国工商银行、华为、中兴、海尔、李宁六家案例企业,通过互联网采集信息,进行比较研究,得出结论。
研究发现母国政府产业偏好通过影响企业外部合法性从而影响FDI生存绩效,合作型母国政府产业偏好增加外部合法性,从而提高FDI生存绩效,竞争型母国政府产业偏好减少外部合法性,从而降低FDI生存绩效,没有明显证据证明母国政府产业偏好对企业内部合法性有影响;外部合法性包括政府认可、公众舆论、行业规范以及内部合法性包括情感认同、行为改善、行为制度化对FDI生存绩效有直接促进作用,即企业合法性对FDI生存绩效有直接促进作用。本文相较以往文献来说首次提出了母国政府产业偏好这一新概念,丰富和补充了FDI生存绩效影响机制的研究。
管理实践的应用启示有,想要提高FDI生存绩效,可尽量避免竞争型的母国政府产业偏好,从政府出发,鼓励企业与国外政府、企业进行合作,转变成合作型的母国政府产业偏好,从而提高外部合法性来提高企业FDI生存绩效;也可通过其他方式提高东道国政府认可、公众舆论认可、行业规范,公司内部情感认同、行为改善、行为制度化从而提高FDI生存绩效。
关键词:中美贸易;对外直接投资;母国政府产业偏好;FDI生存绩效;多案例研究
Abstract
In recent years, trade frictions between China and the United States have intensified, and Chinese enterprises have frequently been blocked in the United States. In previous studies, there have been very few studies regarding FDI survival performance as a separate outcome variable. Therefore, it is of great significance to enrich relevant studies on the impact mechanism of enterprises' FDI survival performance to cope with international political and economic turbulence.
This paper adopts multi-case study method, in view of the home country government industry preference to the enterprise the influence of FDI performance legitimacy and survival mechanism, a new concept of the research question, to follow, the theory of sampling method, according to the classification of the home country government industry preference, choose petrochina, the industrial and commercial bank of China, huawei, zte, haier, li ning six as case enterprise, through the Internet to collect information, a comparative study to draw the conclusion.
Study has found that his or her home country government preference by influencing the industry enterprise external legitimacy that affect FDI performance, collaborative home government industry preference increase external validity, thus improve FDI performance, competitive country government industry preference to reduce external validity, thus reduce FDI performance, there is no obvious evidence of home country government industry preference to have an impact on enterprise internal legitimacy;External legitimacy, including government recognition, public opinion, industry norms and internal legitimacy, including emotional identity, behavior improvement and behavior institutionalization, have a direct promoting effect on FDI survival performance, that is, enterprise legitimacy has a direct promoting effect on FDI survival performance.Compared with previous literatures, this paper proposed a new concept of industrial preference of the home country government for the first time, which enriched and supplemented the research on the impact mechanism of FDI survival performance.
The implications of the application of management practice are as follows: in order to improve the survival performance of FDI, the industrial preference of the home country government based on competition can be avoided as far as possible. Starting from the government, enterprises should be encouraged to cooperate with foreign governments and enterprises, so as to transform into the industrial preference of the cooperative home country government, so as to improve the external legitimacy to improve the survival performance of enterprises' FDI.It can also improve the host country's government recognition, public opinion recognition, industry norms, the company's internal emotional identity, behavior improvement, behavior institutionalization through other ways to improve FDI survival performance.
Keywords: Sino-us trade;Outward direct investment;Industrial preference of the home government;FDI survival performance;Multi-case study
目录
摘要 1
Abstract 2
第1章 绪论 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2研究目的和意义 2
1.2.1研究目的 2
1.2.2研究意义 2
1.3主要创新点 3
1.4国内外研究现状 3
1.4.1 FDI 3
1.4.2生存绩效 4
1.4.3合法性 5
1.5理论基础 7
1.5.1 利益相关者理论 8
1.5.2社会资本理论 8
1.5.3信息不对称理论 9
第2章 研究设计 10
2.1研究方法 10
2.2数据来源及三角验证 11
2.3数据分析方式 12
第3章 案例分析与讨论 13
3.1母国政府产业偏好对合法性的调节作用 13
3.2合法性对FDI绩效的调节作用 14
3.3母国政府产业偏好对FDI绩效的调节作用 17
第4章 结论与展望 19
4.1结论 19
4.2局限性与展望 20
参考文献 21
致谢 25
第1章 绪论
1.1研究背景
改革开放四十多年来,我国开放程度不断加深,尤其是进入二十一世纪以来,国际间资本交流更加密切。国家统计局最新统计数据表明,2019年我国实际使用外商直接投资金额9415亿元,增长5.8%,折1381亿美元,增长2.4%。[1]大量学者曾对FDI率和GDP增长率做过研究,比如张昌彩学者曾指出:“据测算,引进FDI每增加一个百分点,中国GDP平均增长率上升0.3-0.4个百分点[1]。”FDI不但促进了经济增长,与此同时也带来了大量就业机会,截止2017年底,外投资企业数为539345户,外商投资单位城镇就业人员1291万人,很大程度上缓解了我国严峻的就业压力。
新兴经济体跨国企业(EE MNEs)对外直接投资(FDI)已成为国际商务领域研究最多的课题之一。跨国企业在全方位“走出去”的过程中,也面临着巨大的挑战和更加复杂多变的环境。一是深度涉入的经济欠发达和转型剧烈的国家地区明显更多,且具有市场制度不完善、易动荡、低预期、难以应对等问题;二是与国际和地缘政治有关的动态博弈带来国别关系的动态性、多变性和复杂性,作为上层建筑,必将对经贸、投资、商业、文化交往、人员往来、以及由此带来的海外侨民造成重大冲击;三是东道国与母国之间巨大的文化差异,在与社会转型和政治动荡形成叠加效应时,利益相关者作为外部因素就经常成为东道国国内博弈的牺牲品。