论文总字数：20168字

摘 要

由于大气污染的逐步加重，现在对干净的新能源的需要正在增加，尤其对我国目前重视保护环境的国策的实施，对新能源的需求十分强烈。而且在新能源之中，液化天然气的需要是最大的，液化天然气的主要运输方式是海路运输，而且我国是液化天然气的主要进口国，随着近些年新能源政策的逐步推进，LNG船舶的数量也变得越来越多，运输LNG的船舶与其他船舶之间的交通冲突将表现的更加突出，因此为了减少LNG船舶自身的危险特性所带来的影响，适应港口的相关运输，减少对港口承载能力的影响，提高相关的建设要求和采取相应的管理手段变得尤为重要。

LNG由于其自身具有易燃、易爆炸的特性，使得LNG船舶成为了危险系数较大的船舶，航行风险远远高于普通船舶。如果LNG船舶发生任何危险的事故，将会对码头水域产生巨大的损失，因此，应对LNG船舶进出港的通航安全研究，提出通航安全限定条件，保障通航安全就变得尤为重要。在LNG 船舶进出港通航安全管理方面，国内外普遍采用设置LNG船舶进出港移动安全区的方式以保证LNG船舶航行安全，LNG船舶移动安全区在国内的设置尚未有统一的标准，并且我国设置的移动安全区普遍就相对较大，而且与港口之间的适应性不是特别好。

本文从确保港口水域LNG船舶航行安全的角度，减少LNG船舶航行对港口承载能力的影响问题的角度出发，以天津港和深圳港为例，借助港口的建设规模和相关数据分析LNG船舶航行所需要的一些相关条件，并在此基础上分析得出影响港口承载能力的因素，通过数据的分析得出这些因素对港口承载能力的影响。为保证港口航道的航行秩序和通航效率，缓解LNG船舶进出港和港区其他船舶运营之间的矛盾，在结合天津港和深圳港的数据基础上，针对LNG船舶进出港交通组织方面的具体内容展开研究。提出如何减少LNG船舶的航行对港口承载能力的影响。本文在分析深圳港和天津港现有通航环境的基础上，研究LNG项目建设给附近水域通航环境带来的影响，提出降低风险的安全措施，供相关部门参考。

关键词：LNG船舶; 港口承载能力; 通航环境

Abstract

Due to the gradual aggravation of air pollution, the need for clean new energy is increasing, especially for the implementation of China's current national policy of environmental protection, the demand for new energy is very strong. And in the new energy, demand is Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), but the LNG sea transportation is the main mode of transportation, and our country is a major importer of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), as the new energy policy of gradually in recent years, the coastal port Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), Liquefied Natural Gas, LNG) of the ship to the port number will increase sharply, traffic conflict between LNG ship and other ships will performance more prominent, so in order to reduce the risk of LNG ship their own characteristics, the effects of adapt to port transportation, reduce the influence on the bearing capacity of the port, It is particularly important to raise the relevant construction requirements and take corresponding management measures. LNG ship is the most dangerous ship. Due to its inflammable and explosive characteristics, the navigation risk of LNG ship is much higher than that of ordinary ship. Once a danger occurs, it will cause incalculable loss to the whole port area. Therefore, it is necessary to study the navigation safety of LNG vessels entering and leaving the port, and put forward navigation safety restrictions to ensure navigation safety. In LNG ship navigation safety management roads, widely used at home and abroad to set the way of the LNG ship, or mobile safety to ensure the safety of LNG ship, but compared with overseas in this respect, our country still exist a larger gap between the moving zone are not have a unified standard in domestic Settings, and set up in China mobile safety generally is relatively large, and the adaptability between the port and is not particularly good, this article from the perspective of LNG ship navigation safety ensure port waters to reduce influence LNG ships sailing on the bearing capacity of the port from the view of the problem Taking tianjin port and shenzhen port as an example, based on the construction scale of the port and relevant data, this paper analyzes some relevant conditions required by the voyage of LNG ships, and on this basis, analyzes and obtains factors affecting the port carrying capacity, and through data analysis, obtains the influence of these factors on the port carrying capacity. In order to ensure the port waterway navigation order and navigation efficiency, ease of LNG ship and other ships in the port operation roads the contradiction between, on the basis of combining with the data of tianjin port and shenzhen, the specific content of traffic organization in roads for the LNG carrier study, traffic organization and roads to the LNG carrier navigation management provide a reference basis. How to reduce the impact of LNG shipping on port carrying capacity is proposed. Based on the analysis of the existing shipping environment of shenzhen port and tianjin port, this paper studies the impact of LNG project construction on the shipping environment of nearby waters, and proposes safety measures to reduce risks for the reference of relevant departments.

Keywords：LNG， Harbor capacity， Navigation environment

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