论文总字数：30523字

摘 要

世界贸易与经济中，海运一直是最有效的，最安全的和最环保的远距离运输手段，海运货量占全球运输贸易总量的90%。近年来，经济全球化的发展已成必然趋势，世界各国之间贸易需求不断增加，物流往来日益频繁，在这个过程中海运起到了支柱性的作用。随着海上交通密度不断增大，全球变暖带来的灾害性天气不断增多，船舶在航行过程中的安全系数和经济效益都会受到不同程度的挑战。面对这种情况，气象导航技术发挥了极其重要的作用，制定一条安全、经济的航线也成为一项非常重要的任务。气象导航技术的核心在于通过各种路径规划算法，对船舶航行轨迹进行优化。早期的气导技术往往是针对如何安全航行、缩短航时。近些年航运业的迅速发展造成的温室气体大量排放，为全球生态环境保护带来了巨大考验，随着技术水平的不断更新以及行业需求的不断提高，现阶段气象导航技术不仅仅考虑船舶航行时间的缩短，还需要通过对航线的规划和不断优化，降低船舶的燃油损耗同时减小二氧化碳等物质排放。本文通过查阅相关文献资料，将现有的气象导航算法研究进行深入分析、分类、总结以及对比，对气象导航研究领域研究方法进行综述。

关键词：气象导航；航线优化；离散优化；动态规划；进化算法

Abstract

In the world trade and economy, sea transportation has always been the most effective, safest and environmentally friendly means of long-distance transportation. The volume of goods transported by sea accounts for 90% of the total volume of global transportation trade. In recent years, the development of economic globalization has become an inevitable trend. The trade demand between countries in the world is increasing, and the logistics exchanges are becoming more and more frequent. In this process, shipping plays a pillar role. With the increasing of marine traffic density and the increasing of disastrous weather brought by global warming, the safety factor and economic benefit of ships will be challenged to varying degrees. In the face of this situation, meteorological navigation technology has played an extremely important role, and it has become a very important task to develop a safe and economic route. The core of meteorological navigation technology is to optimize the navigation path of ships through various path planning algorithms. The early air navigation technology is often aimed at how to navigate safely and shorten the navigation time. In recent years, the rapid development of the shipping industry has caused a large number of greenhouse gas emissions, which has brought a huge test to the global ecological environment protection. With the continuous updating of the technical level and the continuous improvement of the industry demand, at this stage, the meteorological navigation technology not only considers the shortening of the ship's navigation time, but also needs to reduce the fuel consumption of the ship through the planning and continuous optimization of the route Emission of small carbon dioxide and other substances. In this paper, by referring to the relevant literature, the existing meteorological navigation algorithms are analyzed, classified, summarized and compared, and the research methods in the field of meteorological navigation are summarized.

Key Words：Weather routing; Ship route optimization; Discrete optimization; Danamic programing;Evolutionary algorithms

目 录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景及意义 1

1.2 国内外研究现状 1

1.3 研究内容 4

1.3.1 基本内容 4

1.3.2 研究目标 5

1.3.3 技术路线图 6

第2章 气象导航的原理和方法 7

2.1 气象导航基本原理和过程 7

2.1.1获取海况和天气预报 7

2.1.2制定最佳航线 7

2.1.3 跟踪导航 8

2.2 气象导航的方法 9

第3章 基于离散优化的船舶气象导航研究 10

3.1 原始等时线法 10

3.2 修正等时线法 11

3.3 三维修正等时线法 12

3.4 迪杰斯特拉算法 14

3.5 A*算法 15

第4章 基于动态规划的船舶气象导航研究 17

4.1 三维动态规划法 17

4.2 迭代动态规划法 18

第五章 基于进化算法的船舶气象导航研究 19

5.1 单目标进化算法 19

5.2 多目标进化算法 21

5.3 其他智能算法 22

第6章 总结 27

参考文献. ………………………………………………………………………………………..28

致谢.......... ………………………………………………………………………………….........32

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