全文总字数：9865字

摘 要

近年来，随着全球森林资源的日渐枯竭，人类的环保意识不断增强。为了提高林业生产剩余物和废弃物的利用率，强化绿色环保制品的应用，木塑复合材料增材制造技术得到了快速的发展。在本次设计过程中，通过观察与研究国内外关于木塑复合材料增材制造设备的发展，发现现有的木塑复合材料增材制造设备普遍存在加工效率、精度、加工质量，普遍小型化，大型工件连续增材制造能力困难等方面的不足。所以，研究一种以现有螺杆挤出沉积型木塑复合材料增材制造工艺为参考的新型木塑复合材料增材制造装置。整体结构包括:料斗、螺杆、喷头、加热装置、X-Y-Z运动系、数控模块等。物料由料斗进入，通过搅拌、混合、加热，运输至喷头，在工作台完成工作。本次装置设计能够实现木质成分、塑料颗粒、胶联剂等物料的螺旋进给，提高增材制造效率，具备安全保护功能，操作简单便捷等优点。

关键词：3D打印；木塑复合材料；螺杆挤出；熔融沉积成型

Structure design of wood-plastic composite 3D printing device

Chen ErZhen

(College of Mechanical amp; Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037)

Abstract

In recent years, with the depletion of global forest resources, mankind#39;s awareness of environmental protection has continued to increase. In order to improve the utilization rate of forestry production residues and wastes, and strengthen the application of environmentally friendly products, wood-plastic composite material additive manufacturing technology has been rapidly developed. In this design process, through observation and research on the development of wood-plastic composite material additiv manufacturing equipment at home and abroad, it is found that the existing wood-plastic composite material additive manufacturing equipment generally has processing efficiency, precision, processing quality, and general miniaturization. , The difficulty of continuous additive manufacturing of large workpieces and other aspects. Therefore, a new type of wood-plastic composite material additive manufacturing device based on the existing screw extrusion deposition type wood-plastic composite material additive manufacturing process is studied. The overall structure includes: hopper, screw, nozzle, heating device, X-Y-Z motion system, CNC module, etc. The material enters from the hopper, is stirred, mixed, heated, and transported to the spray head to complete the work on the workbench. This device design can realize the spiral feeding of wood components, plastic particles, coupling agents and other materials, improve the efficiency of additive manufacturing, have safety protection functions, and have the advantages of simple and convenient operation.