论文总字数：31130字

摘 要

大气污染是全球环境污染中一个非常重要的部分，对人体健康和气候都有很大的威胁，随着全球气候变暖，呼吸道疾病的不断增加，人们逐渐意识到了大气污染的危害。为了根据大气中各污染物的指标采取不同的措施改善空气质量，一个实时有效的大气污染监测系统是必不可少的。随着NB-IoT（Narrow Band Internet of Things，窄带物联网）的不断发展，一些研究机构和环保组织开始将NB-IoT技术应用于大气污染监测。

本课题为基于NB-IoT的大气污染监测系统设计，主要器件有污染物传感器、单片机和NB-IoT模块，单片机为STM32F103C8T6，NB-IoT模块选用WH-NB75-BA无线通信模组。其中传感器负责采集污染物数据，STM32F103C8T6对传感器采集到的数据进行解析，解析后的数据通过串口发送至WH-NB75-BA模组，WH-NB75-BA模组将数据远程发送至云平台，上位机从云平台获取数据，以图像形式进行显示。本设计中使用的云平台为透传云，使用COAP（Constrained Application Protocol，受限应用协议）协议传送数据。上位机通过两种途径获取并显示数据：云组态配备的微信小程序以及使用Android Studio编写的Android软件，最终实现远程监测大气污染物的功能。

本课题设计的大气污染监测系统通过了最终的验收，能够正常工作，实现预期的功能。

关键词：大气污染 STM32F103C8T6 NB-IoT

Design of Air Pollution Detection System Based on NB-IoT

Abstract

Air pollution is a very important part of global environmental pollution, which has a great harm to human health and climate. With the global warming and the increase of respiratory diseases, people gradually realize the hazards of air pollution. In order to take different measures to improve air quality according to the indicators of various pollutants in the atmosphere, a real-time and effective air pollution monitoring system is essential. With the continuous development of NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things), some research institutions and environmental protection organizations have begun to apply NB-IoT technology to atmospheric pollution monitoring.

This subject is designed for an NB-IoT-based air pollution monitoring system. The main components are a pollutant sensor, a single-chip microcomputer, and an NB-IoT module. The single-chip microcomputer is STM32F103C8T6. The NB-IoT module uses WH-NB75-BA wireless communication module. Among them, the sensor is responsible for collecting pollutant data. STM32F103C8T6 analyzes the data collected by the sensor. The parsed data is sent to the WH-NB75-BA module through the serial port. The WH-NB75-BA module sends the data to the cloud platform remotely. The machine obtains data from the cloud platform and displays it in the form of an image. The cloud platform used in this design is a transparent cloud, which uses COAP (Constrained Application Protocol) to transmit data. The host computer obtains and displays data through two ways: the WeChat applet equipped with cloud configuration and the Android software written using Android Studio, and finally realizes the function of remotely monitoring atmospheric pollutants.

The air pollution monitoring system designed by this subject has passed the final acceptance and can work normally to achieve the expected function.

Key Words: Air Pollution; STM32F103C8T6; NB-IoT

目录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 课题研究背景及意义 1

1.2 国内外研究现状 2

1.2.1 国外研究现状 2

1.2.2 国内研究现状 2

1.3 研究内容 3

第二章 系统整体设计 5

2.1 系统总体结构 5

2.2 系统工作原理 5

2.2.1 大气污染监测模块 6

2.2.2 核心控制模块 6

2.2.3 数据显示模块 7

第三章 系统硬件设计 9

3.1 污染监测模块设计 9

3.1.1 CO监测 9

3.1.2 PM2.5监测 11

3.2 STM32F103C8T6控制模块设计 12

3.2.1 电源电路 14

3.2.2 模数转换电路 15

3.2.3 串口电路 15

3.3 NB-IoT无线通信模块设计 15

第四章 系统软件设计 19

4.1 主控中心程序设计 19

4.2 物联网开发平台项目搭建 22

4.2.1 物联网开发平台简介 22

4.2.2 设备接入 23

4.2.3 远程监测的实现 25

4.3 Android Studio编写软件 26

4.3.1 Android Studio新建工程 27

4.3.2 Android应用开发 28

第五章 系统调试及结果分析 31

5.1 系统调试 31

5.1.1 核心控制模块调试 31

5.1.2 数据显示部分调试 33

5.2 结果分析 36

第六章 总结与展望 37

参考文献 38

致 谢 40

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