论文总字数：17088字

摘 要

随着我国“退二进三”政策实施和城市化进程的快速推进，大量诸如钢铁、焦化等工矿企业搬迁而遗留的污染场地问题也日益凸显，遗留土壤中的多环芳烃（PAHs）是一类在生物体内有很强的积贮性，毒性很强，是世界上公认的具有催畸形性、致癌性、致变异性的有机污染物。在污染场地土壤样品采集与性质分析的基础上，本文主要利用加速溶剂萃取、Tenax仿生萃取和HPLC荧光检测器分析方法，揭示场地土壤中PAHs的污染总量和生物有效态浓度，表征场地土壤中PAHs的生物有效性，比较不同PAHs同族体或异构体化合生物有效性的差异。主要研究结果如下：

通过加速溶剂对PAHs污染总量的提取，分析了场地土壤不同点位之间PAHs浓度的影响因素，并通过对比Tenax萃取与HPCD提取PAHs的提取量，确定了Tenax仿生萃取技术对土壤中PAHs有较好的提取效果。表明Tenax提取对PAHs的生物有效态有较强的预测性，是有效的测定场地土壤中PAHs生物有效态的方法。

关键词：场地土壤 多环芳烃 生物有效态 化学提取

Chemical extraction analysis of bioavailable states of PAHs in site soil

Abstract

With the implementation of China's "retreat two into three" policy and the rapid progress of urbanization, the problem of contaminated sites left by the relocation of a large number of industrial and mining enterprises such as iron and steel and coking has been increasingly prominent. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the remaining soil are a type of organisms that have strong storage properties, high toxicity and it is recognized as an organic pollutant with teratogenicity, carcinogenicity and mutagenicity in the world Based on soil sample collection and property analysis of contaminated sites, this article mainly revealed the total pollution and bioavailable concentration of PAHs in the site soil using accelerated solvent extraction, Tenax bionic extraction and HPLC fluorescence detector analysis methods. We also characterized the bioavailability of PAHs in site soils and compared differences in bioavailability of homologous or isomeric compounds of different PAHs. Below are key research finding：

By accelerating the extraction of the total amount of PAHs pollution by solvents, the factors affecting the concentration of PAHs between different points of the soil in the site were analyzed. It is determined that Tenax bionic extraction technology has a good extraction effect on PAHs in soil compared with HPCD extraction of PAHs. It shows that Tenax has a strong predictive effect on the bioavailability of PAHs, and it is an effective method to determine the bioavailability of PAHs in site soil.

Key Words： site soil; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Bioavailable state; Chemical extraction

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 引言 1

1.1 研究背景 1

1.1.1 PAHs的结构与性质 1

1.1.2 PAHs的来源与危害 2

1.1.3 场地土壤中PAHs污染现状 3

1.2 PAHs生物有效性的研究 4

1.2.1 PAHs生物有效性的概念 4

1.2.2 PAHs生物有效性的研究方法 5

1.3 研究目的与意义 5

1.4 研究内容 6

第二章 场地土壤中PAHs总量的提取分析 8

2.1 前言 8

2.2 实验材料与方法 8

2.2.1 试剂与化学仪器 8

2.2.2 主要仪器设备 9

2.2.3 实验场地土壤样品 9

2.3 实验原理及方法 10

2.3.1 实验原理 10

2.3.2 场地土壤中PAHs污染总量的提取与纯化 10

2.3.3 高效液相色谱测定PAHs 11

2.4 结果与讨论 11

2.4.1 不同土壤深度之间PAHs含量的差异 11

2.4.2 不同多环芳烃的污染总量 12

第三章 场地土壤中PAHs生物有效态的提取分析 16

3.1 Tenax仿生萃取土壤中的PAHs 16

3.2 HPCD提取土壤中的PAHs 17

第四章 结论 19

参考文献 20

致谢 22

1. 引言

1.1 研究背景

请支付后下载全文，论文总字数：17088字