论文总字数：27668字

摘 要

感叹词是用来表达说写者情感的一类词汇，主要作用于语用层面，具有较强的传情达意的功能。在文学作品中，感叹词的巧妙使用能给作品增添不少色彩。在翻译活动中，感叹词的翻译处理又成为译本能否再现原著语言效果的关键所在。

老舍的剧本《茶馆》的成功，在很大程度上离不开其对感叹词的灵活运用。本研究采用语料分析法，分析外文出版社于2007年1月出版的霍华译本和中译出版社于2012年7月出版的英若诚译本；采用对比归纳法，分别从宏观与微观这两个方面对比分析汉语感叹词在英语中的表达方式；采用量化统计与定性分析相结合的方法，以较有典型性和代表性的句子作为例证，分别从语音、句法和语义的角度出发，归纳出汉语感叹词的相关特点。

本研究主要发现如下：

第一，尽管英汉语言的形式不同，汉语感叹词译为英文后，在读音、句法与语义上与汉语的表达仍有相似之处。这是因为感叹词是模拟人在表达情感时发出的声音，生活在社会中的人，拥有相同或相似的生理机制，在产生强烈情绪的时候，即使是不同的人，也会发出相同的感叹之声。

第二，在翻译某些感叹词时，英译文抛弃了形式，只译出了词义，这取决于汉语感叹词原有的语义和所处的语境。研究感叹词，究其本质而言，是要研究感叹行为背后的情感与意向。

第三，基于对《茶馆》译本中感叹词实际翻译状态的分析，本研究总结出了汉语感叹词的普遍性翻译策略，如：把汉语感叹词用拼音形式直接移入英语的移植策略，同音同义转化和异音同义转化策略以及增译和省译策略。

本研究的理论意义在于总结出了汉语感叹词在译为英语后，在语音、句法和语义方面所呈现的特点以及具体的翻译策略。教学实践意义在于教师在教授外国留学生时，把具体的翻译策略应用于对外汉语教学实践，能够让学生更加恰当、准确地使用感叹词，提高其运用水平，减少交际中的失误，使其进行更为有效的交往，进而改善当前感叹词教学的现状，为文学翻译以及对外汉语教学研究提供一定的补益价值。

关键词： 感叹词；翻译策略；《茶馆》；译本；对外汉语教学

Abstract

Exclamation is one kind of special vocabulary used to express the emotion of speakers or writers, which mainly plays a role in the pragmatic level and has a strong function of conveying affection. In literary works, the clever use of exclamations can add luster to the sentences. In translation activities, how to translate exclamations becomes the key to whether the translation can reproduce the effect of the original language or not.

The success of the script of Lao She’s Teahouse largely depends on its flexible use of exclamations. This study uses the material analysis method by analyzing the Translation version of Howard published by Foreign Languages Press in January 2007 and the version of Ying Ruocheng published by Chinese Translation Press in July 2012. The study also uses the comparative inductive method. It analyzes how Chinese exclamations are expressed in English from macro to micro levels. Besides, this research takes typical and representative sentences as examples, summarizes the characteristics of Chinese exclamations from the view of speech, syntax and semantics by using the method of combining quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis.

This study mainly finds that:

Firstly, although the English and Chinese languages are different in their forms, the English expressions of the Chinese exclamations are similar to those from the source language in pronunciation, syntax and semantics. This is because exclamations simulate voice made by people when they express their emotions. People in the society have the same or similar physiological mechanisms. And even different people will make the same exclamations when they want to express strong emotions.

Secondly, when translating some exclamations, the translator abandons the form, only translating the meaning of the words. He depends on the meaning of the Chinese exclamations and the context. To study exclamations, in essence, is to study the emotion and intention behind the exclamation behaviors.

Thirdly, based on the analysis of the actual translation of exclamations in the translation versions of Tea House, this study summarizes the universal translation strategies of Chinese exclamations, such as the transplantation strategy in which Chinese exclamations are directly translated into English in the form of pinyin, the same-voice transformation and the same-voice conversion strategy, and the strategy of addition and subtraction.

The theoretical significance of this study is to summarize the characteristics of Chinese exclamations in pronunciation, syntax and semantics after they are translated into English as well as specific translation strategies of Chinese exclamations. The significance of teaching practice lies in the application of specific translation strategies in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. When teaching foreign students, teachers can apply them to teaching Chinese as a foreign language, so that the students can use exclamations more appropriately and accurately, and reduce the mistakes in communication so as to conduct more effective communication, which can improve the current situation of interjections teaching as well as help advance literary translation and study of teaching Chinese as a foreign language.

Key words: Exclamation; Translation strategy; Teahouse; Translation version; Teaching of Chinese as a foreign language

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 引言 1

1.1学界关于汉语感叹词翻译策略的研究现状 1

1.2汉语感叹词翻译策略的研究展望 1

1.3研究目的和研究意义 2

1.4研究方法 3

1.5语料选取说明 3

第二章 《茶馆》译本感叹词的语言要素分析 5

2.1语音视角下《茶馆》感叹词的翻译 6

2.2句法视角下《茶馆》感叹词的翻译 7

2.3语义视角下《茶馆》感叹词的翻译 8

第三章 汉语感叹词翻译策略刍议 10

3.1移植 10

3.2转化 11

3.3增减 11

第四章 汉语感叹词翻译策略研究在对外汉语教学中的启发 13

第五章 结语 14

参考文献 15

附录 16

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