论文总字数：17802字

摘 要

工业污染的问题涉及人类健康、经济可持续发展以及自然环境等许多方面，值得进行深度分析帮助制定治理措施。本文采用地理探测器中的因子探测、交互作用探测及生态探测等方法，从工业废水、工业二氧化硫及工业烟(尘)三个角度出发，借助ArcGIS 10.2的空间表达功能剖析了中国城市工业污染的空间分异特征及影响因素。结果发现:(1)2006-2016年中国城市三种主要工业污染:工业废水、工业二氧化硫及工业烟(尘)，总体上呈下降态势，但在某些特定时间点上会有上升态势。(2)2006-2016年中国城市工业污染空间分异特征在部分时间区间可能变化不大，在其他时间区间又可能发生较大变化。(3)工业废水、工业二氧化硫和工业烟(尘)三中工业污染的空间分异性的主要影响因素各有不同。其中工业废水驱动力最大的影响因素是工业发展水平；而工业二氧化硫的影响因素对其空间分异性的驱动力总体比较平均，且单个因子对工业二氧化硫的空间分异性影响较小；对于工业烟(尘)来说，情况与工业二氧化硫类似，但各因子的驱动力更小，大部分的影响力都小于5%。各因子对工业废水、工业二氧化硫及工业烟(尘)三种工业污染的增强的交互作用，部分是非线性增强、部分是双因子增强。各因子对工业二氧化硫及工业烟(尘)都没有显著的交互效应，而各因子对工业废水大多数存在显著的交互效应。最后，提出了降低中国城市各项工业污染排放的对策建议。

关键词：工业污染 空间分异 地理探测器 影响因素

Abstract

The problem of industrial pollution involves many aspects such as human health, sustainable economic development and the natural environment, It is worth conducting in-depth analysis to help formulate governance measures. In this paper, the methods of factor detection, interaction detection and ecological detection in geographic detectors are used, From the three perspectives of industrial wasted and polluted water, industrial sulfur dioxide and smoke (dust), the spatial differentiation features and influencing factors of industrial pollution in China are analyzed with the help of the spatial expression function of ArcGIS 10.2. The results show:(1)From 2006 to 2016, the three major industrial pollutions in Chinese cities showed a general downward trend, but they will increase at certain specific points in time.(2)From 2006 to 2016, the spatial differentiation characteristics of urban industrial pollution in China may not change much in some time intervals, but may change significantly in other time intervals.(3)The main factors influencing the spatial differentiation of industrial pollution in industrial wasted and polluted water, industrial sulfur dioxide and smoke (dust) are different. Among them, the most influencing factor for the driving force of industrial wastewater is the level of industrial development; while the influencing factors of industrial sulfur dioxide have an overall average driving force on their spatial differentiation, and a single factor has little effect on the spatial differentiation of industrial sulfur dioxide; For industrial smoke (dust), the situation is similar to industrial sulfur dioxide, but the driving force of each factor is smaller, and most of the influence is less than 5%. The interaction of various factors on the enhancement of industrial pollution of industrial wasted and polluted water, industrial sulfur dioxide and smoke (dust) is partly nonlinear enhancement and partly two-factor enhancement. There are no significant interaction effects of various factors on industrial sulfur dioxide and industrial smoke (dust), and most factors have significant interaction effects on industrial wastewater. Finally, countermeasures and suggestions for reducing industrial pollution emissions in Chinese cities are proposed.

Key Words:Industrial pollution;spatial differentiation;geographic detector;influencing factors

目 录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景 1

1.2国内外研究现状 2

1.3研究内容及结构安排 3

第二章 方法与数据 5

2.1数据来源 5

2.2研究方法 5

2.2.1等间隔离散法 5

2.2.2地理探测器原理 5

2.2.3交互作用探测 6

2.2.4生态探测 8

第三章 工业污染空间分异特征 9

3.1工业废水空间分布 9

3.2工业二氧化硫空间分布 10

3.3工业烟（尘）空间分布 12

3.4工业污染综合分析与小结 14

第四章 工业污染影响因素分析 16

4.1影响因素指标 16

4.2工业污染影响因素分析 16

4.3影响因素对工业污染的交互作用 19

4.4影响因子对工业污染影响的显著性差异 20

第五章 结论与讨论 22

5.1结论 22

5.2讨论 22

参考文献 24

致谢 25

绪论

1.1研究背景

环境污染对于经济的持续、健康发展影响极大，而工业污染又是其中的重要一环。而在党的十九大报告中多次出现的绿色环保可持续的发展理念与节省社会资源和保护自然环境的基本国策^[2]，中国的环境保护工作早就不再是单一的环境污染治理，而已经上升到了高度的生态文明建设与追求人类和自然环境和谐共处的战略高度。

中国城市的工业污染问题的研究有很多，但从空间分异性^[1]角度探讨时空演变特征及驱动因素的较少。此外，工业污染的研究往往因研究的地理尺度、污染源、研究手段的不同^[2]而得到不同的答案。

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