Pt-NiCo2O4尖晶石催化剂在贫甲烷完全氧化中的研究毕业论文
2022-01-09 21:44:26
论文总字数:20453字
摘 要
甲烷作为一种温室气体对臭氧层的破坏能力远强于二氧化碳,因此减少甲烷排放对环境保护有着重要意义。目前减少甲烷排放最简单有效的策略是催化燃烧。尖晶石作为自然界存在的金属氧化物,不仅是一种宝石,还可作为催化剂应用于化学反应中。与贵金属相比,其价格便宜且催化性能稳定,有着很大的开发价值。目前研究较多的钴系尖晶石在甲烷催化氧化中表现出较好的活性。本课题的主要工作是通过浸渍法和一锅法分别制备1% Pt负载量的NiCo2O4尖晶石催化剂,用于低浓度的甲烷催化燃烧。我们使用SEM,XRD和H2-TPR表征了催化剂的表面物理化学性能。SEM图片显示NiCo2O4尖晶石形貌为无序堆积的颗粒。XRD结果表明两种方法制备的催化剂具有相同的晶型,Pt的引入并没有破坏尖晶石的晶体结构。甲烷催化燃烧结果显示NiCo2O4加入Pt后,其催化活性有显著提高。H2-TPR结果证明了两种方法制得的催化剂中Pt在NiCo2O4上的结构不同。
关键词:尖晶石 甲烷催化燃烧 Pt-NiCo2O4催化剂 H2-TPR
Study on Pt-NiCo2O4 Spinel Catalyst in the Complete Oxidation of Methane at Low Concentration
Abstract
Methane, as a greenhouse gas, is far more destructive to the ozone layer than carbon dioxide, so reducing methane emissions is important for environmental protection. The simplest and most effective strategy for reducing methane emissions is catalytic combustion. As a metal oxide existing in nature, spinel is not only a gemstone, but also a catalyst in chemical reactions. Compared with precious metals, spinel is cheap and its catalytic performance is more stable, so it has great value for the catalyst development. At present, cobalt-based spinel has been studied most in the catalytic methane oxidation because it is more active. In this thesis, we prepared NiCo2O4 spinel catalysts with 1% Pt loading by impregnation method and one-pot method, respectively, and applied in the catalytic combustion of low concentration methane. We used SEM, XRD and H2-TPR to characterize the surface physical and chemical properties of these catalysts. SEM pictures show that the NiCo2O4 spinel morphology is randomly packed particles. XRD results show that the catalysts prepared by the two different methods have the same crystal form, and the introduction of Pt did not destroy the spinel crystal structure. The results of methane catalytic combustion show that the reactivity has been significantly improved after the introduction of Pt. The results of H2-TPR prove that the structure of Pt is different on NiCo2O4 in the catalysts prepared by the two different methods.
Keywords: spinel; methane catalytic combustion; Pt- NiCo2O4 catalyst; H2-TPR
目录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 尖晶石的概述 1
1.1.1 结构与类别 1
1.1.2 NiCo2O4尖晶石的制备及其影响因素 2
1.2 尖晶石催化甲烷的研究进展 3
1.3 本论文的选题思路及研究内容 4
第二章 尖晶石催化剂的合成与表征 6
2.1 化学试剂和仪器 6
2.1.1 材料 6
2.1.2 仪器与设备 6
2.2 实验内容 7
2.2.1 热分解法制备NiCo2O4 7
2.2.2 浸渍法制备Pt/NiCo2O4尖晶石 7
2.2.3 一锅法制备Pt-NiCo2O4尖晶石 7
2.2.4 催化剂活性测试 8
2.3 表征方法及其原理 8
2.3.1 X射线衍射测试(XRD) 8
2.3.2 扫描电子显微镜(SEM) 9
2.3.3 氢气程序升温还原(H2-TPR) 10
第三章 尖晶石催化剂的结构表征与催化性能分析 12
3.1 实验结果总结与分析 12
3.1.1 催化剂制备条件优化与讨论 12
3.1.2 甲烷催化氧化结果分析与讨论 12
3.1.3 XRD表征分析与讨论 13
3.1.4 SEM表征分析与讨论 14
3.1.5 H2-TPR表征分析与讨论 15
第四章 结论与展望 17
4.1 结论 17
4.2 展望 17
参考文献 18
致谢 21
绪论
尖晶石的概述
尖晶石是一类矿物的总称,其英文名称为Spinel,意思是有尖角的结晶体。它是一种镁铝的氧化物。尖晶石的颜色多种多样,有无色、红色、粉红色、紫色、蓝色、绿色等。图1-1尖晶石经过打磨后得到的宝石。
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