论文总字数：19821字

摘 要

随着实业兴国时代的到来，运动控制系统的应用已经涉及到整个机械行业的各个角落。随之而来的精确定位控制技术也得到了快速发展。本课题就一款使用单片机控制的运动控制系统的软件设计进行了探讨，并用意法半导体集团生产的STM32系列单片机作为主控芯片进行软件设计，以验证课题实现的情况。

在生活高度信息化和智能化的时代，智能设备已经几乎达到了人手至少一台的普及度，而制造这些智能产品、智能设备的核心就在于那些高精度的芯片。制作这些芯片就需要数控机床，而我们的课题的实际应用就体现在数控机床。

本应用基于Keil MDK平台，主要实现了无线控制、步进电机单步正反转、lcd显示、4*3键盘键入、磁栅尺读数编码等功能。主要作用就是主单片机把自己需要精确控制的距离通过键盘控制并在lcd屏幕上显示，然后把输入的数通过无线传输传给从单片机，从单片机跟据传来的数处理成所需要的步数，控制步进电机走相应的步数，通过磁栅尺读数编码，读出滑块走的距离，传给主单片机，对比输入的距离数值，计算误差。使用户精确的控制滑块的移动距离。

关键词：无线控制 stm32单片机 步进电机 4*3键盘 磁栅尺读数

Wireless control of one-dimensional mechanical precise positioning software design

Abstract

With the advent of the era of industrial rejuvenation, the application of motion control systems has involved all corners of the entire machinery industry. The precise positioning control technology that comes with it has also been rapidly developed. This topic discusses the software design of a motion control system controlled by a single-chip microcomputer. The STM32 series single-chip microcomputer produced by STMicroelectronics is used as the main control chip for software design to verify the implementation of the topic.

In the age of high information and intelligence, smart devices have almost reached the popularity of at least one person. The core of manufacturing these smart products and smart devices lies in those high-precision chips. The production of these chips requires a CNC machine tool, and the actual application of our project is embodied in CNC machine tools.

This application is based on the Keil MDK platform and mainly implements functions such as wireless control, stepper motor single-step forward/reverse rotation, lcd display, 4*3 keyboard typing, and magnetic scale reading code. The main function is that the main single-chip computer controls the distance that it needs to control accurately and displays it on the lcd screen. Then the input number is transmitted to the slave MCU via wireless transmission, and the number of steps required by the slave MCU is processed into the required number of steps. , control the stepper motor to take the appropriate number of steps, through the magnetic scale read code, read the distance of the slider to pass to the main microcontroller, compare the input distance value, calculate the error. Allows the user to precisely control the movement distance of the slider.

Keywords: Wireless control;Stm32; Stepper motor; 4*3 keyboard;magnetic； Scale reading

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 引言 1

1.1 课题背景 1

1.2课题内容及意义 1

1.3论文的组织结构 2

第二章 相关技术介绍 3

2.1 毕业设计要求 3

2.2 模块介绍 3

2.2.1 步进电机驱动模块 3

2.2.2 磁栅尺模块 4

2.2.3 LCD16x2显示屏 5

2.2.4 4*3键盘输入 8

2.2.5 无线传输 8

2.3 本章小结 9

第三章无线控制一维机械精确定位的软件设计的详细设计 10

3.1设计思路 10

3.2功能结构设计 10

3.2.1 LCD1602屏幕显示功能 10

3.2.2 4*3键盘输入 12

3.2.3 步进电机驱动 13

3.2.4 磁栅尺读数 14

3.3 本章小结 15

第四章 软件结合硬件的具体调试 16

4.1系统开发环境 16

4.2系统的实现 16

4.2.1显示屏显示 17

4.2.2键盘输入并显示 18

4.2.3电机驱动与磁栅尺读数 19

4.3 本章小结 27

第五章 总结与展望 29

5.1 总结 29

5.2 展望 30

参考文献 31

致谢 31

第一章 引言

1.1 课题背景

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