论文总字数：17175字

摘 要

本文利用庚二酸（PA）和庚二酸/氢氧化钙（PA/CaOH₂）处理白云母，然后将其填充到聚丙烯（PP）中，对PP进行增韧改性。应用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）观察表征了改性前后的白云母，而后通过差示扫描量热仪（DSC）分析熔融温度和结晶温度，进而通过双螺杆挤塑机进行挤出造粒，经注塑机注塑制成标准试样，测试试样的拉伸强度，断裂伸长率等力学性能，从而表征白云母增韧聚丙烯的性能参数。

结果表明，经PA、PA/Ca(OH)₂处理过的白云母在FTIR谱图中出现新的酯基峰，DSC分析发现PP/改性白云母复合材料中β晶的含量显著提升，PP /白云母复合材料的弯曲模量，缺口冲击强度，断裂伸长率和结晶峰温度均有所提高，拉伸强度比原来的纯PP轻微下降。用PA/ Ca(OH)₂复合处理过的白云母比PA处理过的白云母和未处理的白云母填充到PP中效果要好。当用PA/CaOH₂复合处理过的白云母在PP中含量达到5%时，改性性能尤为显著，其中缺口冲击强度为加入未处理白云母与PP复合材料的1.4倍，弯曲模量下降了18%，这主要是因为PA/Ca(OH)₂处理过的白云母起到了异相成核的作用，且复合处理生成了两种有效的β成核剂，诱导生成大量β晶，极大的改善了PP的韧性。

关键词：白云母 庚二酸 聚丙烯 力学性能

Study on Muscovite Modified Polypropylene

Abstract

In this paper， muscovite is treated with pimelic acid (PA) and pimelic acid/calcium hydroxide (PA/CaOH₂) and then filled into polypropylene (PP) to toughen the PP. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and observation were used to characterize the muscovite before and after modification， and then the melting temperature and crystallization temperature were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)， and then extruded through a twin-screw extruder. The pellets were injection molded into standard specimens， tested for tensile strength， elongation at break， and other mechanical properties to characterize the properties of the muscovite toughened polypropylene.

The results showed that there were new ester peaks in the FTIR spectra of muscovite treated with PA and PA/Ca(OH)₂. The DSC analysis found that the content of β-crystals in the PP/modified phlogopite composites increased significantly. The flexural modulus， notched impact strength， elongation at break， and crystallization peak temperature of the muscovite/Muscovite composites were all increased， and the tensile strength was slightly lower than that of the original pure PP. The PA/Ca(OH)₂ complex-treated muscovite was better than PA-treated muscovite and untreated muscovite in the PP. When the content of muscovite treated with PA/CaOH₂ was 5% in PP， the modification performance was particularly significant. The notched impact strength was 1.4 times that of untreated muscovite and PP composites， and the flexural modulus decreased by 18%. ， mainly because the PA/Ca(OH)₂ treated muscovite played the role of heterogeneous nucleation， and the composite treatment produced two effective β nucleating agents that induced the formation of a large number of β crystals. Improve the toughness of PP.

Key words:：Muscovite; pimelic acid; polypropylene;mechanical properties

目 录

摘要 Ⅰ

Abstract Ⅱ

第一章 引言 1

1.1 聚丙烯简介 1

1.2 云母简述 1

1.3 聚丙烯复合材料介绍 2

1.3.1聚丙烯的改性方法 2

1.3.2云母/聚丙烯复合材料改性研究 4

第二章 实验部分 5

2.1 实验原料 5

2.2主要仪器装备 5

2.3制备试验样品 5

2.3.1 云母改性处理 5

2.3.2制作PP/白云母复合材料标准试样 5

2.3.3制备等温结晶试样 6

2.4 测试与表征 6

2.4.1 FTIR测试 6

2.4.2力学性能测试 6

2.4.3 DSC测试 6

第三章 结果与讨论 8

3.1 FTIR分析 8

3.2 DSC分析 9

3.3力学性能分析 12

第四章 结论 14

参考文献 15

致谢 17

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