论文总字数：16108字

摘 要

在环境问题和不可再生资源的日益匮乏下，生物降解复合材料成为如今人们研究的热点。本文研究了扩链剂、蒙脱土（MMT）以及云母对聚乳酸（PLA）/聚甲基乙撑碳酸酯（PPC）复合材料氧气阻隔性能的影响。

本论文主要工作：在PLA/PPC=60/40的复合材料中加入0.3%的扩链剂；在此基础上再分别添加3%的MMT及3%的云母。将这些材料用转矩流变仪共混，再用平板硫化机进行制片。通过气体渗透仪、差示扫描量热仪等对样品进行分析，得出了以下结论：

比例为60/40的PLA/PPC复合材料的氧气阻隔能力较好。扩链剂略微提升了PLA/PPC复合材料的结晶能力，但减弱了PLA/PPC复合材料的氧气阻隔性能。成核剂蒙脱土增加了复合材料的结晶能力，同时也增强了复合材料的氧气阻隔性能，但在薄膜状态下结晶度不甚理想。云母在增强结晶度和增强氧气阻隔性能方面是最强的，即使是薄膜两项都比其他同组材料更强。

关键词：聚甲基乙撑碳酸酯 聚乳酸 氧气阻隔性能

Preparation of PLA / PPC Composites and Study on Oxygen Barrier Properties

Abstract

Under the increasing shortage of environmental problems and nonrenewable resources, biodegradable composites become a hot research topic. The effects of chain extender, montmorillonite (MMT) and mica on the oxygen barrier properties of Polylactic acid (PLA) / Poly propylene carbonate (PPC) composites were studied.

The main work of this paper is to add 0.3% chain extender in PLA / PPC = 60/40 composite material. On this basis, add 3% MMT and 3% mica respectively. These materials are blended with Torque Rheometer, and then vulcanizing press tableting. The samples were analyzed by gas permeation meter, differential scanning calorimeter and so on. The following conclusions were drawn:

The PLA / PPC composites with a ratio of 60/40 had better oxygen barrier properties. The chain extender slightly promoted the crystallization ability of PLA / PPC composites, but weakened the oxygen barrier properties of PLA / PPC composites. The nucleating agent montmorillonite increases the crystallinity of the composites, and also enhances the oxygen barrier properties of the composites, but the crystallinity is not ideal in the film state. Mica is the strongest in enhancing crystallinity and enhancing oxygen barrier properties, even if both films are stronger than other materials.

Key words: Poly propylene carbonate; Polylactic acid; oxygen barrier properties

目 录

摘要…………………………………………………………………………………1

ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………2

第一章 绪论………………………………………………………………………5

1.1生物降解材料概述………………………………………………………………5

1.2 PLA概述…………………………………………………………………………5

1.2.1PLA材料概述…………………………………………………………………5

1.2.2PLA双向拉伸薄膜概述………………………………………………………6

1.3 PPC概述…………………………………………………………………………6

1.4 氧气阻隔性能研究……………………………………………………………7

1.4.1氧气阻隔性能的背景………………………………………………………7

1.4.2气体透过高分子材料的机理及试验方法…………………………………7

1.4.3氧气阻隔性能相关因素……………………………………………………8

1.4.4提高氧气阻隔性能的方法概述……………………………………………9

1.5 PLA/PPC的复合材料的现状……………………………………………………9

1.6 本实验的预期目标……………………………………………………………11

1.6 本文研究的内容和意义………………………………………………………12

第二章 实验部分………………………………………………………………13

2.1 实验原料………………………………………………………………………13

2.2 主要设备及仪器………………………………………………………………13

2.3 PLA/PPC复合材料的相关测试与试样的制备…………………………………13

2.3.1熔融混炼…………………………………………………………………13

2.3.2模压成型…………………………………………………………………14

2.3.3制备双向拉伸膜…………………………………………………………14

2.4分析测试………………………………………………………………………15

2.4.1氧气阻隔性测试…………………………………………………………15

2.4.2差示扫描量热（DSC）测试………………………………………………15

第三章 结果与讨论……………………………………………………………16

3.1转矩流变仪扭矩分析…………………………………………………………16

3.2氧气透过率分析………………………………………………………………17

3.3差示扫描量热（DSC）分析……………………………………………………18

第四章 结论与展望……………………………………………………………20

4.1结论……………………………………………………………………………20

4.2展望……………………………………………………………………………21

参考文献…………………………………………………………………………22

致谢…………………………………………………………………………………25

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