论文总字数：19458字

摘 要

以南京易亨制药有限公司的复方地龙片为例，对该中药的废水进行成分分析，为此制药废水的后续处理工艺提供了理论依据。参照中药类制药工业水污染物排放标准GB21906-2008，采用国家标准中的测定方法和多参数水质测定仪测定分析总氮、总磷、氨氮、COD、悬浮物、亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氮的含量，同时利用ICP原子发射光谱仪对重金属浓度进行测定，利用生化需氧量测定仪测定了BOD₅。废水中总氮、总磷、氨氮含量分别为6.60ｘ10³、1.88ｘ10³和 3.62ｘ10³ mg/L；COD的含量高达5.46ｘ10⁴ mg/L，悬浮物含量为2.03ｘ10⁴ mg/L，亚硝酸盐氮和硝酸盐氮的含量分别为2.95和8.15 mg/L；BOD₅含量为1.25ｘ10⁴ mg/L，重金属As、Hg、Al、Cd、Cr、Fe、Pb、Zn的含量分别为0.45、0.14、14.45、1.60ｘ10^-2、5ｘ10^-2、5.45、0.15和1.00 mg/L。复方地龙片制药废水中重金属含量较低，悬浮物、总氮、总磷、COD含量过高，且BOD₅/COD_cr = 0.24，比值小于0.3，可生化性较差，难进行生化降解，对环境污染有严重危害，不能直接排放。

关键词：复方地龙片 制药废水 成分分析

Detection and analysis of common pharmaceutical wastewater

ABSTRACT

Taking the compound earthworm tablet which was produced by the YiHeng pharmaceutical company as an example, the traditional Chinese medicine wastewater composition were analyzed to provide theory basis for subsequent treatment process. Reference to the discharge standard of water pollutants in Chinese pharmaceutical industry GB21906-2008, the contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, COD, suspend solids, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen were measured and analyzed by the methods of national standards and multiparameter water quality analyzer. The heavy metal concentrations were determined by ICP atomic emission spectrometer. BOD₅ was measured by biochemical oxygen demand meter. The contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater were 6.6ｘ10³ mg/L, 1.88ｘ10³ mg/L and 3.62ｘ10³ mg/L respectively. COD was up to 5.46ｘ10⁴ mg/L. Suspended solids content was 2.03ｘ10⁴ mg/L and the contents of nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen were 2.95 and 8.15 mg/L. The concentration of BOD₅ was 1.25ｘ10⁴ mg/L. Heavy mental elements As, Hg, Al, Cd, Cr, Fe, Pb, Zn were present at concentrations of 0.45 mg/L, 0.14 mg/L, 14.45 mg/L, 1.60ｘ10^-2 mg/L, 5ｘ10^-2 mg/L, 5.45 mg/L, 0.15 mg/L and 1.00 mg/L. The pharmaceutical wastewater of compound earthworm tablet contained a small amount in heavy mental elements. But the contents of suspend solids, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD in wastewater were too high to discharge directly. The ratio of BOD₅ / CODcr was 0.24, generally the ratio of B/C less than 0.3 indicates the biodegradability is bad which is difficult to dispose.

KEYWORDS : compound earthworm tablet; pharmaceutical wastewater; composition analysis 目 录

摘 要 Ⅰ

ABSTRACT Ⅱ

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 引言 1

1.2 复方地龙片的制备工艺 1

1.2.1 地龙活性物的提取 1

1.2.2 中药浸膏粉的制备 1

1.3 制药废水分析 2

1.3.1 废水来源分析 2

1.3.2 制药废水的危害 2

1.3.3 废水相关检测指标 2

1.4 废水检测相关设备 4

1.4.1 ICP光谱仪 4

1.4.2 离子色谱 5

第二章 废水相关指标测定 8

2.1 废水常规指标测定 8

2.1.1 测化学需氧量 8

2.1.2 测氨氮含量 9

2.1.3 测总氮含量 10

2.1.4 测总磷含量 11

2.1.5 测生化需氧量 11

2.2 废水中非常规指标测定 12

2.2.1 测亚硝酸盐氮含量 12

2.2.2 测硝酸盐氮含量 12

2.2.3 测悬浮物SS含量 13

2.2.4 测重金属含量 13

第三章 实验结果与讨论 14

3.1 实验结果 14

3.1.1 常规指标数据结果 14

3.1.2 非常规指标数据结果 17

3.2 实验结果讨论 19

3.2.1 可生化降解性分析 19

第四章 结论与展望 20

4.1 结论 20

4.2 展望 21

参考文献 22

致 谢 25

第一章 绪论

1.1 引言

复方地龙片中含有很多药学成分，其中有种酶正是药效所需，这种酶就是地龙复合酶。地龙片中的蚓激酶能激活纤维蛋白溶解酶转化为纤溶酶，纤溶酶和胶原酶可以溶解纤维蛋白和胶原蛋白^[1]。药效学及Ⅱ期临床试验结果证实，复方地龙片组方合理，有效成分和作用机制清楚，对中风之虚血瘀症疗效确切，有修复大脑缺血性脑损伤、减少脑血管阻力等诸多功能，具有强效溶栓作用^[2]。

请支付后下载全文，论文总字数：19458字