论文总字数：32127字

摘 要

本次毕业设计要求根据相关资料设计一座高有机物浓度的原水处理水厂，原处理水量为2.5万m³/d，近期规模为5万m³/d，总设计水量为10万m³/d。而原有供水设施由于条件限制,只能进行改造,作为城市工业水厂。且原水中有机物含量极高。针对这一点，除去常规处理方法外，还采用了臭氧-生物活性炭工艺，该工艺将臭氧氧化和活性炭工艺组合使用。一方面可以利用活性炭吸附去除经臭氧氧化生成的低分子有机物，活性炭也可将O₃还原为O₂，减少臭氧释出并增加供氧量；另一方面利用臭氧的供氧作用，在炭床中大量生长繁殖好氧菌，被吸附的溶解性有机物作为炭床中微生物生命活动的营养源，通过生物降解作用得到去除。这样炭床中就同时存在活性炭吸附和微生物降解的作用，使活性炭对水中有机物的累积吸附负荷大大超过只根据吸附等温线所预计的吸附负荷，从而延长了活性炭的工作周期，减少了运行费用。这样，水就能达标排放了。在混凝沉淀-过滤-消毒的基础上加以改良加上预处理以及深度处理，能够很好的降低原水中的有机物，但是将来需要我们进一步在节省造价的基础上达到更好的出水水质。

关键词:臭氧 活性炭 生物预处理 深度处理

The Design of Raw Water Treatment Process with High Organic Concentration

Abstract

The graduation design requirements according to the relevant information to design a high concentration of organic water treatment plant, the original treatment of water for the 25,000 m³/d, the recent scale of 50,000 m³/d, the total design of water for the 100,000 m³/d. The original water supply facilities due to conditions, can only be transformed, as the city industrial water plant. And the raw material content of raw water is extremely high. In response to this, the ozone-biologically active carbon process is used in addition to conventional treatment methods, which combine ozone oxidation with activated carbon processes. On the one hand can use activated carbon adsorption to remove the ozone generated by the oxidation of low-molecular organic matter, activated carbon can also be reduced to O₂ O₃, reducing the release of ozone and increase the amount of oxygen; the other hand, the use of ozone oxygen, Growth and propagation of aerobic bacteria, the adsorption of organic matter as a carbon bed of microbial life activities of the nutrient source, by biodegradation to be removed. In this way, the activated carbon adsorption and microbial degradation have the same effect. The cumulative adsorption load of the activated carbon on the organic matter in the water is much higher than the adsorption load expected only according to the adsorption isotherm, thus prolonging the working cycle of the activated carbon and reducing the running cost. In this way, the water can be discharged. In the coagulation - filtration - disinfection on the basis of improved with pretreatment and depth of treatment, can be a good way to reduce the organic matter in raw water, but in the future we need to further cost savings on the basis of better water.

Keyword: ozone; activated carbon; advanced treatment; biological pretreatment

目录

摘要……………………………………………………………………………2

ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………...3

第一章 绪论…………………………………………………………………6

1.1工程概况…………………………………………………………………………...6

1.2进出水水质要求…………………………………………………………………...7

1.3方案比选…………………………………………………………………………...7

第二章 水处理构筑物…………………………………………..…………10

2.1取水泵房………………………………………………………………………….10

2.1.1设计流量的确定和扬程估算………………………………………………11

2.1.2水泵和电机选择……………………………………………………………12

2.1.3泵房布置……………………………………………………………………12

2.2生物接触氧化池……………………………………….…………………………12

2.2.1生物接触氧化池简介………………………………………………………12

2.2.2系统组成……………………………………………………………………12

2.2.3设计计算……………………………………………………………………12

2.3絮凝沉淀池…………………………….…………………………………………15

2.3.1絮凝剂…………………………….…………………………………...……15

2.3.2溶液池…………………………….…………………………………...……15

2.3.3溶解池…………………………….…………………………………...……15

2.3.4投药管…………………………….……………………………………...…15

2.3.5药剂仓库…………………………….……………………………….……..16

2.3.6桨板式机械混合池…..…………………….………………………...……..16

2.3.7机械絮凝池…..…………………………….………………………...……..17

2.3.8平流沉淀池…..…………………………….………………………...……..21

2.4 V型滤池…..…………………………….………………………...……………...25

2.4.1 V型滤池简介…..…………………………….……………………..……...25

2.4.2设计计算…..…………………………….………………………...………..25

2.5提升泵房…..…………………………….………………………...………….…..35

2.5.1吸水井设计……………………….………………………...…………..…..35

2.5.2水泵和电机选择………………….………………………...…………..…..35

2.5.3泵房布置………………………….………………………...…………..…..35

2.6一级臭氧接触—活性炭滤池………….………………………...…………..…...36

2.6.1一级臭氧接触—活性炭滤池简介………………………...…………..…...36

2.6.2设计参数………………………….………………………...…………..…..36

2.6.3设计计算………………………….………………………...…………..…..36

2.7提升泵房…..…………………………….………………………...………….…..43

2.8二级臭氧接触—活性炭滤池………….………………………...…………..…...43

2.9清水池…..…………………………….………………………...…………….…..43

2.9.1设计参数……………………….………………………....…………….…..43

2.9.2设计计算……………………….…………….…………...…………….…..43

2.10二级泵房.…………………………….………………………...………….….....45

2.5.1吸水井设计……………………….………………………...…………..…..45

2.5.2水泵和电机选择………………….………………………...…………..…..46

2.5.3泵房布置………………………….………………………...…………..…..46

第三章 高程设计…………………………………………..………………47

3.1水损计算……………………….………………………...…………..…………...47

3.2标高设计……………………….………………………...…………………...…..49

第四章 水厂投资估算……………………………………………..………51

4.1直接费用……………………….………………………...…………………...…..51

4.1.1设备费……………………….………………………...…………………....51

4.1.2土建费用…………………….………………………...…………………....51

4.1.3其他费用…………………….………………………...…………………....53

4.2间接费用……………………….………………………...…………………...…..53

4.3税金…………………………….………………………...…………………...…..54

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