论文总字数：17278字

摘 要

自2010年以来，由于汽车起重机的诸多优点，例如移动方便，安装占地小，以及近些年来其载重量不断提高，所以汽车起重机在各个领域得到了广泛的应用，但我国汽车起重机制造水平与世界先进水平仍有一定差距，一些重要零件以及大型汽车起重机仍需进口，无法实现自主生产。

本文主要对机车起重机卷筒机构及其液压系统在以前的基础上进行了设计和改造，对我国汽车起重机的设计和发展起到了一定的积极作用。

在本次设计中，首先通过对通过市场调查和图书借阅对汽车起重机的发展历史及发展现状做出了介绍。其次，又通过以往经验公式对卷筒的主要尺寸进行了选择，并将其简化为力学模型进行了力学校核。使其满足所需要的力学性能。

最后，根据汽车起重机的回转速度、起升矩等要求，分析了各种液压泵的特点和使用环境，最后决定选用柱塞泵作为供油动力元件，并且选用液压先导换向阀、电磁换向阀 、溢流阀 、单向阀 冷却阀、节流阀、压力记忆阀等控制元件以及油箱、各种管道接口 、伺服机构、滤油器等辅助元件，组成了供油回路，防过载油路，冷却油路，自锁油路，合流控制油路，记忆阀油路等回路，为汽车起重机起重重物提供液压动力，并能够完成预定的控制目标。

关键词：汽车起重机；筒机构；液压系统

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

　　Since 2010, car cranes have been widely used in various fields because of the many advantages of automobile cranes, such as moving convenience, small installation area, and increasing load capacity in recent years. However, China's automobile crane manufacturing level and The world's advanced level is still a certain gap, some important parts and large car cranes still need to import, can not achieve self-production.

This paper mainly designs and reforms the locomotive crane reel mechanism and its hydraulic system on the basis of the previous, and has played a positive role in the design and development of China's automobile crane.

In this design, the first through the market research and book borrowing on the development of car cranes history and development of the status quo were introduced. Secondly, the main dimensions of the reel are selected by the empirical formula, and the mechanical model is simplified to the mechanical model. So that it meets the required mechanical properties.Finally, according to the requirements of the speed and hoisting moment of the truck crane, the characteristics and environment of the various hydraulic pumps are analyzed. Finally, the piston pump is selected as the oil supply power element, and the hydraulic pilot valve is used. Valves, relief valves, one-way valve cooling valve, throttle valve, pressure memory valve and other control components and fuel tank, a variety of pipeline interface, servo, oil filter and other auxiliary components, composed of oil supply circuit, , Cooling oil circuit, self-locking oil circuit, confluence control oil circuit, memory valve oil circuit and so on, for the crane to provide heavy hydraulic power, and be able to complete the intended control objectives.

ｋｅｙ　ｗｏｒｄｓ：Truck Crane；reel　mechanism； hydraulic　pressure

目 录

摘要····················································I

ABSTRACT················································II

第1章 绪论··············································1

1.1国内汽车起重机发展现状及发展趋势································1

1.2国外汽车起重机发展趋势及应用情况································2

1.3设计要求························································2

第2章卷筒的设计计算及强度校核··························3

2.1 卷筒的结构与材料···············································3

2.2 卷筒的钢丝绳···················································3

2.3 卷筒的主要尺寸·················································3

2.3.1 卷筒直径D·················································3

2.3.2卷筒的长度L················································4

2.3.卷筒的厚度····················································5

2.4 滚筒受力分析···················································6

2.5 滚筒强度校核···················································7

3章 起升机构的液压系统设计····························8

3.1 主副卷扬系统···················································8

3.1.1 性能要求····················································8

3.1.2 主要元件····················································9

3.1.3 主要回路····················································9

3.1.4 工作原理····················································9

3.2 液压系统类型选择···············································11

3.3 各种执行元件的选择·············································13

3.4 液压系统工作参数和各机构主要参数·······························14

3.5液压系统参数····················································15

3.6液压元件选择计算················································16

3.6.1 副卷扬回路·················································16

3.6.2 主卷扬回路·················································17

3.7液压阀的选择····················································18

3.8液压辅助元件选择················································20

3.8.1 油路的通径···················································21

3. 8.2 油箱选择····················································22

结论·····················································23

参考文献 ························································24

致谢 ···················································26

1. 绪论

1.1国内汽车起重机发展现状及发展趋势

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