论文总字数：18585字

摘 要

设备小型化已成为高技术机械装置发展的主流方向，由此带来的高速导致高温等极端条件对机械部件的可靠性提出了更高要求。凭借其自润滑性能和低摩擦特性都很优异，摩擦学的领域里一直都少不了PTFE的身影，研究人员对它的研究兴趣很高，然而PTFE的耐磨性却很差，对其研究发展有了限制，使得它的应用面很难拓展。选用合适的填料增强聚合物高速高温条件下的摩擦学性能受到持续关注。碳系填料由于其高导热性、优良热稳定性、特殊强度和自润滑的性能，非常适用于作为该工况下的聚合物填料，然而这部分工作目前缺乏系统研究。本文在不同滑动速度条件下，通过用不同形态的碳结构纳米填料对CF/PTFE复合材料进行填充，以考察其摩擦磨损性能。我们采用SEM对磨损面以及对偶面转移膜形貌进行察看，分析并研究其摩擦的磨损机制。结果表明：单层片状结构的石墨烯填充效果要优于一维状态的碳纳米管以及多层状结构的石墨；石墨烯能够提高CF/PTFE复合材料耐磨性，在高速条件下，石墨烯的增强效果更加明显；1.4m/s、2.1m/s、2.5m/s，200N实验条件下，其磨损率比未填充时分别降低了30～40%、45～50%以及20～25%左右。此外，经过SEM分析，CF/PTFE复合材料的耐磨性确实得到了提高，这是因为石墨烯与碳纤维能够很好地协同增强聚四氟乙烯，其磨屑形成机理发生变化，形成的转移膜分布均匀又密集，润滑和摩擦性能得到很大改善。

关键词：石墨烯 聚四氟乙烯 高速 同素异形体 摩擦磨损

Tribological properties of graphene reinforced carbon fiber/PTFE composites

Abstract

Miniaturization has become the main direction of development for the high-tech mechanical devices and the resulting high-speed lead to high temperature and other extreme conditions, which put forward higher requirements for the reliability of the mechanical structure parts. With its excellent self lubrication and low friction properties, PTFE has been a hot research topic in the field of tribology, but its poor wear resistance has limited its application in a wider range. The tribological properties of the suitable filler reinforced polymer under high speed and high temperature conditions have been sustained attention. Due to its high thermal conductivity, excellent thermal stability, excellent thermal stability, special strength and self lubrication properties, the carbon system is very suitable for the polymer filler under this condition. we examines the properties of CF/PTFE composites filled in the different scales material in friction and wear under different speed working conditions to make a sense about influnce of the CF/PTFE composites. The worn surface and transfer film were investigated by SEM, the abrasion mechanism was discussed. The results reveal that the nano filler filling effect is superior to microns. Graphene could significantly improve the wear resistance of CF/PTFE composites, especially in high speed. The wear rate of 0.5wt% graphene filled CF/PTFE decreases by 30~40% under 1.4m/s and 200N compared with CF/PTFE composite. The wear rate of 0.5wt% graphene filled CF/PTFE decreases by 45~50% under 2.1m/s and 200N compared with CF/PTFE composite. SEM study shows that graphene and fiber have good synergistic effect on the tribological properties, it is also helpful to form smooth and compact transfer film on the surface of counterparts and change the grinding chip formation mechanism of CF/PTFE composites.

Keywords：Graphene; PTFE; high speed; allotrope; friction and wear

目录

摘要 1

Abstract 2

第一章 绪论 1

1.1摩擦学的研究意义 1

1.2 复合材料 2

1.3 PTFE复合材料的研究现状 2

1.3.1 PTFE的性质 2

1.3.2 PTFE改性的方法 3

1.4CF/PTFE 4

1.5石墨烯 5

1.5.1石墨烯概况 5

1.5.2石墨烯改性方法 5

1.6本文的研究思路和方法 6

第二章 实验部分 7

2.1 原料及试样的制备 7

2.2 摩擦磨损试验及分析评价 7

第三章 实验结果与讨论 9

3.1 不同填料类型和含量对CF/PTFE复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响 9

3.2速度对CF/PTFE复合材料的摩擦学性能影响 11

3.3 SEM和磨损机理研究 13

第四章 结论与展望 16

4.1 结论 16

4.2 展望 16

参考文献 17

致谢 19

第一章 绪论

1.1摩擦学的研究意义

摩擦学(Tribology)是有关摩擦、磨损与润滑科学的总称，研究作相对运动和相互作用的表面上的各种现象（主要是摩擦、磨损和润滑及其相关的现象）产生、变化和发展的规律及其应用的一门科学和技术。它不仅是以世界上广泛存在的摩擦、磨损和润滑现象作为主要研究对象的一门涉及面很广的基础学科，还是一门通过改善生态环境、节约资源来提高人们生活质量为主要研究目的的很实用的应用学科^[1] 。

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