铜-四元羧酸金属有机框架制备及其功能性质研究毕业论文
2022-04-07 20:47:32
论文总字数:23906字
摘 要
金属有机框架(Metal-Organic Framework, MOFs )或者多孔配位聚合物(porous coordination polymers,PCPs),是相对较新的一类多孔材料,它是由金属离子或者金属离子簇通过配位键与有机配体链接组成的多孔有机无机杂化材料。早期 MOFs或者PCPs 由于孔隙率较高、吸附量较大、空洞尺寸可调控以及热稳定性较好,可做为可调控的固体单晶在许多方面有潜在的应用,包括气体存储和分离、药物可控传递、催化某些有机反应、新型磁性材料、导电材料以及有机反应催化剂等。在过去的几十年中,基于MOFs/PCPs的质子导体材料引起了许多科学家的关注和研究,质子导体成为能量转换和储存装置的重要组成部件,例如:二次电池和燃料电池。基于MOFs/PCPs的质子导体材料被认为是室温条件下介于拥有纳米水通道的有机配位聚合物(例如:Nafion)和无定型的无极化合物如钙铁矿氧化物(例如:陶瓷氧化物)之间的质子导体材料,这是因为做为有机配位聚合物不仅有通道,而且做为氧化物同时也显示出结晶性质。同时,MOFs/PCPs框架的孔道的尺寸可调控以及大的孔道增加了质子载体的迁移,从而使质子电导率增大。MOF HKUST-1由轮状双核铜为次级构筑单元的三维多孔化合物。HKUST-1在室温条件下对水稳定。本论文主要研究的是用H3BTC和Cu(NO3)2·3(H2O)进行 HKUST-1的制备并对其结构进行表征,以及用客体分子NH4Cl离子对包进HKUST-1的孔道中得到的NH4Cl@HKUST-1的制备和对其结构的表征,为以后研究两者的质子导电性质做铺垫。
关键字: 金属有机框架 HKUST-1 制备 表征
ABSTRACT
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) or porous coordination polymers (PCPs) are a relatively new class of microporous materials obtained by connecting metal ions or metal-ion–oxide clusters with organic linkers through coordinative bonds. MOFs/PCPs display various functionalities such as gas storage and separation,controllable delivery of drugs, novel magnetism, amazing electrical conductivity, and as catalysts for organic reactions. Over the past several years, MOF/PCP-based proton conducting materials have also attracted much research attention, since the proton conductors are key components in energy conversion and storage devices, for example, secondary batteries and fuel cells. MOF/PCP-based proton conducting materials are considered as intermediate temperature proton conductors between two extremes of amorphous organic polymers with nanosized water channels (for instance, Nafion) and crystalline inorganic compounds such as perovskite-type oxides (ceramic oxides) because they not only have channels, as do the organic polymers, but also show a crystalline nature, as do the oxides. Moreover, the pore size in the framework of MOFs/PCPs is controllable and the large pores favor increased movement of proton carriers that improves proton conductance characteristics as well. MOF HKUST-1 is built from Cu-paddle wheel nodes with 1,3,5-benzene-tricarboxylate struts. Hence these MOF crystals can be grown by hydrothermal reaction at 120 °C, and are stable to water under ambient conditions. In this thesis, the HKUST-1 was prepared by H3BTC and Cu (NO3) 2 • 3 (H2O) and its structure was characterized. And NH4Cl @ HKUST-1 was prepared by ion-pair package NH4Cl guest molecules into the pores of HKUST-1 obtained and its structure was characterized.
KEYWORDS:MOFs;HKUST-1; Preparation; Characterization
目录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT i
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 概述 1
1.2 MOFs研究回顾 1
1.3 MOFs材料的进展及分类 2
1.4 MOFs合成方法 3
1.4.1 水热/溶剂热合成法 3
1.4.2 微波合成法 3
1.4.3 超声化学合成 3
1.4.5 电化学合成 4
1.4.6 机械化学合成 5
1.5 MOFs材料的应用 5
1.5.1 吸附与存储材料 5
1.6 质子导体简介 6
1.7 MOFs质子导体材料的分类 6
1.7.1 水介质MOFs基质子导体 6
1.8 本文选题意义及主要研究内容 6
第二章 HKUST-1的合成与表征 8
2.1 引言 8
2.2 实验部分 8
2.2.1 化学试剂及其原料 8
2.2.2 实验仪器 9
2.2.3 HKUST-1的制备 9
2.3 结果讨论 10
2.3.1 PXRD表征 10
2.3.2 TG测试结果及分析 11
2.3.3 元素分析 11
2.4 本章小结 12
第三章 NH4Cl@HKUST-1的合成和表征 13
3.1 引言 13
3.2 实验部分 13
3.2.1 化学试剂及其原料 13
3.2.2 实验仪器 13
3.3 结果讨论 14
3.3.1 PXRD表征 14
3.3.2 TG测试结果及分析 15
3.3.3 元素分析 16
3.3.4 N2的吸附脱附测试 16
3.4 本章小结 17
第四章 结论与展望 18
4.1 结论 18
4.2 展望 18
参考文献 19
致 谢 24
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