论文总字数：13742字

摘 要

本文主要研究了聚苯砜超滤膜和纳滤膜的耐溶剂性能。聚苯砜是一种耐溶剂性比聚砜（Polysalfone, PSF)和聚醚砜（Polyethersulfone, PES）更好的材料，聚苯砜膜有很大的潜在使用价值。在N-甲基吡咯烷酮(N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, NMP）中加入聚苯砜（Polyphenylene sulfone, PPSU）、聚乙二醇（polyethylene glycol, PEG），通过非溶剂诱导相分离法制膜。采用在不同的苛刻溶剂（醇、酸、碱）中通过浸泡的方法对聚苯砜膜的耐溶剂性进行研究。主要研究聚苯砜膜的质量、厚度、通量和截留分子量在溶剂浸泡前后的变化。结果显示：苯砜超滤膜的厚度和质量在醇、碱中浸泡后变化不大，但是不耐乙酸，在乙酸中浸泡后，厚度和质量变小。聚苯砜超滤膜的通量在甲醇的影响下变小，在乙醇的影响下变大，在pH=14的NaOH溶液影响下变大，在pH=2的HCl溶液影响下变化不规律；制成的聚苯砜纳滤膜通量很小，pH=4的HCl溶液对其通量影响很大，浸泡后通量大幅度增大。

关键词： 聚苯砜膜；非溶剂诱导相分离法；纳滤膜；耐溶剂。

Solvent resistance property of polyphenylsulfone membranes

Abstract

In this study, the main research is polyphenylsulfon ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membrane solvent resistance, solvent resistance mechanism reveals the characteristic of polyphenylsulfon and swelling characteristics of different solvents. PPSU is a polysulfone with better solvent resistance than Polysulfone(PSF) and polyethersulfone (PES), which makes investigation of its potential use in solvent resistant nanofiltration (SRNF) membranes interesting. The membranes were prepared via non-solvent induced phase separation method with PPSU and PEG in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as the dope solution. In addition, various organic solvents (alcohols, ketones, acids, bases) in their solvent resistance was studied. The main quality polyphenylsulfon film thickness, flux and MWCO changed after the solvent immersion. The results show that: the thickness and quality of benzene ultrafiltration membranes in alcohol, alkali soaked little change, but the impatience of acetic acid, after soaking in acid, the thickness and quality of are smaller. Polyphenylsulfon ultrafiltration membrane flux decreases under the influence of methanol, under the influence of alcohol is increased, the impact at pH = NaOH solution 14 becomes larger, the change is not the law in effect at pH = 2HCl solution; polyphenysulfone film improved solvent resistance, polyphenylsulfon nanofiltration membrane made of small flux, pH = 4HCl solution to their great influence on the flux, a substantial increase in flux after soaking.

Keywords: polyphenylsulfone membranes; nanofiltration membranes;non-solvent induced phase separation;solvent resistance.

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 文献综述 1

1.1 聚苯砜简介 1

1.2 超滤膜和纳滤膜 2

1.2.1 超滤膜 2

1.2.2 纳滤膜 2

1.3 聚苯砜膜的制备方法 3

1.3.1 PPSU膜的特点 3

1.3.2 非溶剂诱导相分离法 3

1.3.3 PPSU制膜研究进展 4

1.4 本课题研究目的和内容 4

1.4.1 研究目的 4

1.4.2 研究内容 5

第二章 实验部分 6

2.1 实验材料、仪器设备 6

2.2 实验原理 7

2.3 实验步骤 8

第三章 结果与讨论 10

3.1 甲醇对PPSU膜的影响 10

3.1.1 甲醇对PPSU膜质量和厚度的影响 10

3.1.2 甲醇对PPSU膜通量的影响 11

3.1.3 甲醇对PPSU膜截留分子量的影响 11

3.2 乙醇对PPSU膜的影响 12

3.2.1 乙醇对PPSU膜质量和厚度的影响 12

3.2.2乙醇对PPSU膜通量的影响 13

3.3 异丙醇对PPSU膜的影响 14

3.3.1 异丙醇对PPSU膜质量和厚度的影响 14

3.4 pH对PPSU膜的影响 16

3.4.1 pH=14的NaOH溶液对PPSU膜质量和厚度的影响 16

3.4.2 pH=14的NaOH溶液对PPSU膜通量的影响 17

3.4.3 pH=2的HCl溶液对PPSU膜质量和厚度的影响 17

3.4.4 pH=4的HCl溶液对PPSU纳滤膜质量和厚度的影响 19

3.5 乙酸对PPSU膜的影响 20

3.5.1 乙酸对PPSU膜质量和厚度的影响 20

第四章 结论 21

参考文献 23

致 谢 25

第一章 文献综述

1.1 聚苯砜简介

聚亚苯基砜，英文全称(Polyphenysulfone , PPSU )，最初是由Union Carbide 公司于1976 年开发的，商品名称为Radel，目前受专利所限仅由苏威公司生产^[1]。

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