论文总字数：16521字

摘 要

本论文主要论述混合气体冷却器设计。混合气体冷却器是一种以循环水冷却混合气体的换热器。换热器是将热流体的部分热量传递给冷流体的设备，以实现不同温度流体间的热能传递，又称热交换器。换热器是实现化工生产过程中热量交换和传递不可或缺的设备。本次设计采用固定管板式结构的管壳式换热器。优点：结构简单且制造方便，在相同管束情况下其壳体内径最小。缺点：壳程无法进行机械清洗，壳程检查困难，壳体与管子之间无温差补偿元件时会产生较大的温差应力。

本毕业设计首先是热力计算，主要根据给定的设计条件计算换热面积，进行换热器的选型，校核传热系数，进行压力降和壁温的计算。关于结构和强度的设计，主要是根据已经选定的换热器型式进行设备内各零部件的设计。最后完成设备图纸绘制工作。

关键词：混合气体冷却器 热力计算 结构和强度设计

Design of The Mixed Gas Cooler

ABSTRACT

Mixed gas cooler designed by this paper.The mixed gas cooler is a kind of heat exchanger that circulating water cool the gas. Heat exchanger is an equipment that the part of the heat transfer from heat fluid to the cold fluid in order to achieve the heat transfer between different temperature of the fluid. Heat exchanger is an indispensable equipment for the exchange and transfer of heat in chemical production process.This design uses the tube shell type heat exchanger with fixed tube plate structure.Advantages: the structure is simple and easy to manufacture, and its inner diameter is the smallest in the same tube bundle. Faults: the shell is unable to carry out the mechanical cleaning or inspect, and the temperature difference between the shell and the tube without temperature compensation element can be produced.

The first of the design is thermal calculation, according to the given design conditions for heat exchange area, for heat exchanger selection, check the heat transfer coefficient, pressure drop and wall temperature calculation. The design of structure and intensity is mainly based on the design of the different parts in the equipment which has been chosen for the heat exchanger. At last finish the equipment drawing.

Key word: Mixed gas cooler Thermodynamic calculation The design of structure and strength

目 录

摘要…………………………………………………………………………………I

ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………II

第一章 绪论………………………………………………………………………1 前言……………………………………………………………………………1

1.1 设计条件................................……………………………………………1

1.2 设计流程................………………………………………………………2

1.3 设计问题……................…………………………………………………3

1.4 管壳式换热器的强化传热........…………………………………………3

1.4.1管程强化传热..................................................................................3

1.4.2壳程强化传热..................................................................................4

1.4.3整体强化传热..................................................................................4

1.5 管壳式换热器的失效分析………………………………………………5

1.5.1管子与管板的链接失效..................................................................5

1.5.2管束失效..........................................................................................5

1.6总结.............................................................................................................6

1. 混合气体冷却器设计………...…………………..…………………7

2.1 热力计算部分……………………………………………………………7 2.1.1 原始数据 …………………………………………………………7

2.1.2 流体的物性参数 …………………………………………………7

2.1.3 传热量及平均温差……………………………………………..…8

2.1.4 估算传热面积及传热面结构…………………………………..…8

2.1.5 管程计算…………………………………………………………10

2.1.6 壳程结构及壳程计算……………………………………………11

2.1.7 需用传热面积……………………………………………………13

2.2阻力计算…………………………………………………………………14

2.2.1 管程阻力降计算…………………………………………………14

2.2.2 壳程阻力降计算…………………………………………………15

2.3结构设计…………………………………………………………………16

2.3.1 壳体的设计………………………………………………………16

2.3.2 进出口的设计……………………………………………………16

2.3.3 封头的设计………………………………………………………19

2.3.4 管板的设计………………………………………………………19

2.3.5 管箱法兰的设计…………………………………………………21

2.3.6 支座的设计………………………………………………………22

2.4换热器的热补偿…………………………………………………………22

2.4.1 热交换器所受应力………………………………………………22

2.4.2 温差应力…………………………………………………………23

2.4.3 拉脱力……………………………………………………………24

2.4.4 热补偿措施………………………………………………………25

结语………………………………………………………………………………… 26

参考文献 ………………………………………………………………………… 27

主要符号表 ………………………………………………………………...…….29

请支付后下载全文，论文总字数：16521字