论文总字数：20036字

摘 要

本文以实现回收粘胶纤维生产中产生的碱液为目标，使用陶瓷纳滤膜过滤除去碱液中的半纤维素，重点考察了温度、透膜压差、膜面流速以及浓缩倍数等操作参数对过滤性能的影响，之后考察了陶瓷纳滤膜在碱液体系中的清洗恢复情况。发现通量随着温度的升高而明显增大，半纤截留率随着温度的升高而减少。通量随着透膜压差升高而增大，半纤截留率随着透膜压差升高而升高。膜面流速对通量的影响不大，半纤截留率随着膜面流速升高而少量增加。通量随着浓缩倍数升高而降低，浓缩倍数对半纤截留率影响不大。在最优操作条件（16 bar、4 m/s 、45 ℃）下，膜通量达到40 L/m².h，半纤截留率为92.7 %，且使用5 %NaOH溶液清洗半小时后，纳滤膜的纯水通量得到良好的恢复。陶瓷纳滤膜在化纤碱液回收中具有很好的前景。

关键词：粘胶纤维；陶瓷纳滤膜；半纤维素；半纤截留率；膜通量

Ceramic nanofiltration membranes are used in the chemical lye recovery

Abstract

This paper reports to achieve recovery lye that was produced in the viscose fiber. Useing ceramic nanofiltration membrane filtration to remove the hemicellulose in lye. Mainly inspected the effects of temperature, transmembrane pressure, the flow rate of the membrane surface and concentration factor and other operating parameters of the filtration performance. After inspected the ceramic nanofiltration membrane cleaning recovery in alkali system. Found that with increasing temperature and flux increased significantly, the hemicellulose of retention decreased with increasing temperature. The flux increases with the transmembrane pressure increasing, the hemicellulose of retention increased with increasing transmembrane pressure. The little impact on the flow rate of the membrane surface, the hemicellulose of retention small increased with the flow rate of the membrane surface. The flux decreases with increasing concentration factor, The little impact on the concentration factor. Under the optimal operating conditions (16 bar, 4 m/s, 45 ℃), the flux of membrane reaches 40L/m².h, the hemicellulose of retention is 92.7%. After useing 5% NaOH solution for half an hour to clean. The pure water flux of the nanofiltration membrane get good recovery. Ceramic nanofiltration membrane has a good prospect for recovery in the chemical lye.

Keywords: Viscose fiber; Ceramic nanofiltration membrane; Hemicellulose. Half fiber retention rate; The membrane flux

目 录

摘要……………….……………………………………….…………………...………I

Abstract………………………………………………………………………………II

目录……………………………………..……………………………………………………… Ш

第一章 文献综述..........................................................................................................1

1.1 膜的介绍………………………………………………………………..…….1

1.2 纳滤膜的现状…………………………………………………..……….....…1

1.3 陶瓷纳滤膜的特点及原理……………………………………...……....……2

1.4 陶瓷纳滤膜的应用产业…………………………………………...…..…..…3

1.5 粘胶化纤的生产情况和碱液处理情况…………………………….…..……5

1.6 实验研究的目的·意义及内容…………………………………..……………8

第二章 实验部分……………………………………………………………….….…9

2.1 碱液回收的工艺………………………………………………….………..…9

2.1.1 实验的装置………………………………………………..…..…..……9

2.1.2 实验的方案………………………………………………..…..…..……9

2.1.3 实验的检测………………………………………………..…….….…10

2.1.4 实验的清洗……………………………………...…………………….11

第三章 结果与讨论……………………………………………………..…….…….13

3.1 各条件对过滤性能的影响………………………..………..……….………13

3.1.1 过滤过程重复性测定……………………..…………….………….…13

3.1.2 透膜压差对过滤性能的影响……………………..….…….....………13

3.1.3 膜面流速对过滤性能的影响………………………..….…….....……14

3.1.4 温度对过滤性能的影响……………………………..….……….……16

3.1.5 浓缩倍数对过滤性能的影响…………………………………………17

3.2 陶瓷纳滤膜清洗方式………………………………………...………....…19

第四章 结论…………………………………………………...………….…..……21

参考文献………………………………………………………...……………...……22

致谢………………………………………………………………………………..…24

1. 文献综述

1.1 膜的介绍

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