论文总字数：14610字

摘 要

随着我国经济和汽车工业的快速发展，特别是改革开放以来，我国汽车保有量不断增加，城市停车难问题变的越来越突出，为解决这一问题，新设计出来的机械式立体停车库在占地面积上做出了极大的改善，满足人们的市场需求。
本文就当前对于立体停车库的需求，介绍了立体停车库的背景和意义，各种形式立体停车库的类型及其优缺点。经综合分析，选用升降横移类立体停车库来作为适应社会发展的机械式立体停车库。该停车库通过底层留一个空位，上层载车板通过下降到空位来实现上层载车板的存取，再通过下层载车板的横移来改变空位的位置，来实现停满停车库。本文采用两层三列的升降横移类停车库研究，来解释其运行原理。
在设计控制系统时，采用可控制编程器PLC作为控制系统主要部分。PLC能实现过程控制、通信联网等功能，同时抗干扰能力强，可靠性高，被广泛应用于工业控制领域。介绍PLC的选型，PLC的控制电路以及外部接线图，由这些必要条件再经过STEP7-MicroWin进行逻辑顺序的编程，程序检验无误后用S7-200软件仿真调试，能正确输出载车板升降横移指令即可说明PLC作为控制系统能够实现立体停车库的升降横移的系统控制。

关键词：立体停车库；可编程控制器；控制系统

Design of Parking Garage Control System

Abstract

Along with our country economy and the rapid development of automobile industry, especially since the reform and opening up, increasing car ownership in China, the urban parking problems have become increasingly prominent, in order to solve this problem, a new designed on the area of mechanical parking equipment has made great improvement, to meet the demand of people.

This paper introduces the background and significance of three-dimensional parking garage, the types of various forms of three-dimensional parking garage and their advantages and disadvantages. Through comprehensive analysis, the vertical and horizontal parking garage is selected as a mechanical parking garage to adapt to the development of society. The parking garage leaves an empty space at the bottom, and the upper deck realizes the access of the upper deck by descending to the empty space, and then changes the position of the empty space through the transverse movement of the lower deck, so as to realize the parking garage full. In this paper, two layers and three rows of lifting and transversely moving type vehicle plate are studied to explain its operation principle.

In the design of the control system, PLC is used as the main part of the control system. PLC can achieve process control, communication networking and other functions, at the same time strong anti-interference ability, high reliability, is widely used in the field of industrial control. Introduction of type selection of PLC, PLC control circuit and the external wiring diagram, by these necessary condition through the STEP7 - Micro/Win logical order programming, program test and verified with S7-200 software simulation debugging, can correct output load plate lifting and moving instruction can explain PLC as the control system can realize platform of transverse parking equipment control system.

Keywords: Three-dimensional parking garage, Programmable controller, Control system

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪 论 1

1.1 选题背景与意义 1

1.2 立体车库类型分析 1

1.2.1 立体停车库的不同特点 1

1.2.2 停车库的选型 4

1.3 立体车库的关键问题及难点 5

1.3.1 立体车库关键问题 5

1.3.2 课题难点 5

第二章 硬件电路设计 6

2.1 立体车库的结构组成 6

2.1.1 立体停车库的结构介绍 6

2.1.2 立体停车库的原理 7

2.1.3 安全防护 8

2.2 控制系统框架图 9

2.2.1 控制系统输入分析 9

2.2.2 输出分析 10

2.3 PLC控制模块 11

2.4 PLC的选型 12

2.5 控制电路设计和PLC外部接线图 13

第三章 软件设计 15

3.1 控制流程图 15

3.2 程序设计 15

第四章 程序仿真 23

4.1 存车过程 23

4.1.1 1号载车板存车仿真 23

4.1.2 2号载车板存车仿真 26

4.2 取车过程 28

4.2.1 1号载车板取车仿真 28

4.2.2 2号载车板取车仿真 28

4.3 手动程序仿真 29

第五章 总结与展望 31

致 谢 32

参考文献 33

附 录 34

1. 绪 论

1.1 选题背景与意义

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