论文总字数：16987字

摘 要

随着我国印染行业的迅速发展,具有成分复杂、难降解物质多、色度大、有毒特点的印染废水的处理已成为行业难题，因而光催化降解在现今来说是一个炙手可热的探讨对象，简而言之，为探讨某些光催化剂，其在有光的情况下吸收力十分优异，在光照的条件下，能够充分且高效地利用太阳光，提高光催化剂光电转换效率，将水体中的污染物（如有机物污染物或含有重金属离子）进行分解，除此之外此类光催化剂还有许许多多的应用方向，不仅可以析出氧气、还原二氧化碳、氢气能处理有毒气体甲醛等。

石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)是近年来快速发展起来的一种新型光催化领域热门材料，是一种石墨烯的相似物，是一种非常绿色的有机半导体材料，由碳和氮元素组成的。本文介绍了石墨相氮化碳这种材料的研究开发过程以及生产方法，实验选择一种较为简单的合成石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)材料的方法，并利用各种分析工具对材料的晶型和排列进行探讨处置。其中包含通过电子显微镜（TEM）讨论形貌、X射线粉末衍射仪（XRD）分析晶型构造、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析组成结构和特定有机官能团等。后将其应用于XPA系列光化学反应仪器中，对有机染料进行光催化降解。经过染料的紫外最大吸收波长，检测染料样品光催化后的紫外吸收情况，以考察石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)材料的光催化降解有机染料的性能。实验证明，在无光照的情况下，含有石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)材料的模拟有机染料废液降解能力非常有限，在模拟光照的情况下，含有石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)材料的模拟有机染料废液降解能力显著增强。

关键词：石墨相氮化碳；纳米材料；光催化；罗丹明B；亚甲基蓝

Preparation of Graphite Carbon Nitride Composite Nano-Film and Its Dye Degradability

Abstract

With the rapid development of my country's printing and dyeing industry, the treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater with complex components, many refractory substances, high chroma, and toxic characteristics has become an industry problem, so photocatalytic degradation is a hot discussion nowadays The object, in short, to discuss some photocatalysts, which have excellent absorption capacity under light conditions, can fully and efficiently use sunlight under light conditions, improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photocatalysts, and reduce water Pollutants (such as organic pollutants or heavy metal ions) in the decomposition, in addition to this type of photocatalyst has many applications, not only can precipitate oxygen, reduce carbon dioxide, hydrogen can treat toxic gas formaldehyde and so on.

Graphite carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) is a new type of hot material in the field of photocatalysis that has developed rapidly in recent years. It is a similar to graphene and a very green organic semiconductor material. It is composed of carbon and nitrogen.This article introduces the research and development process and production methods of graphite-phase carbon nitride material. The experiment selects a relatively simple method of synthesizing graphite-phase carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) material, and uses various analysis tools to analyze the material. The crystal form and arrangement are discussed and processed. It includes discussion of morphology through electron microscope (TEM), X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD) analysis of crystal structure, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis of composition structure and specific organic functional groups, etc. Later, it was applied to XPA series of photochemical reaction instruments for photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes. After the UV maximum absorption wavelength of the dye, the UV absorption of the dye sample after photocatalysis was detected to investigate the performance of the graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) material in the photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes. Experiments have proved that under the condition of no light, the degradation ability of simulated organic dye waste liquid containing graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) material is very limited. Under the condition of simulated light, it contains graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄). The degradation ability of the simulated organic dye waste liquid of the material is significantly enhanced.

KeyWords: Graphite Phase Carbon Nitride; Nanomaterials; Photocatalysis;Rhodamine B; Methylene Blue

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪 论 1

1.1 石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)纳米材料的概述 1

1.1.1 石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)的研究现状 1

1.1.2 石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)的结构及理化性质 2

1.1.3 石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)的制备方法 2

1.2 石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)材料内部光诱导电荷机理 4

1.2.1石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)光诱导电荷的产生 4

1.2.2石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)光诱导电荷的氧化还原反应 4

第二章 实验部分 5

2.1 实验仪器和化学试剂 5

2.1.1 实验仪器 5

2.1.2 化学试剂 5

如表2.2所示： 5

2.2 石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)材料的合成 5

2.2.1 石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)复合纳米材料的实验室制备步骤 5

2.3 石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)光催化染料降解性能测试 6

2.3.1 模拟染料废水配制 6

2.3.2 模拟染料废水的标准曲线绘制 6

2.3.3 光催化实验 6

第三章 结果与分析 8

3.1 表征方法 8

3.2 石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)材料样品的表征 8

3.2.1 形貌表征 8

3.2.2 结构表征 9

3.2.3 光谱表征 9

3.3 光催化降解性能 10

3.3.1模拟染料废水的紫外-可见光吸收光谱图 10

3.3.2 光催化降解模拟染料效果 11

第四章 结论与展望 13

4.1 结 论 13

4.2 展 望 13

致 谢 14

参考文献 15

第一章 绪 论

1.1 石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)纳米材料的概述

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