论文总字数：21955字

摘 要

我国常见的航运融资方式主要包括贷款融资、股权融资、债权融资以及融资租赁。由于贷款融资成本较高、股权融资限制严苛、债权融资风险较大等问题，在我国航运业运用范围有限。本文运用SWOT分析法对船舶融租赁模式进行全面分析，分析得出融资租赁存在成本较低、方式多样等优点。本文指出我国船舶融资租赁业务还存在专业人才缺乏、融资风险较大、资金量薄弱等问题，这些都制约了我国船舶融资租赁业务的进一步发展。

本文以中远海特公司为例，分析我国船舶融资租赁业务的现状。中远海特公司由国企实际控股，拥有高素质的船员队伍，国际化的管理体系，航运业务较为发达。经SWOT分析可知，中远海特的船舶融资租赁业务有利于该公司降低银行贷款数额，降低管理成本，提高了资金利用率。但公司船舶融租赁还存在规模不大、方式单一，不利于规避风险，缺乏战略眼光等问题，面临着国内、国际航运公司的巨大挑战。

为奠定我国船舶融资租赁发展的坚实基础，本文提出建议：积极培养船舶融资租赁专业人才、建立健全船舶融资租赁相关法律法规，完善募资渠道，加强对融资环节的监管，降低融资风险，学习国外先进融资模式和管理经验，确保船舶融资租赁业务的健康全面发展。

关键词：船舶融资租赁模式；SWOT分析；中远海特公司的业务现状；船舶融资租赁相关建议

Research on Financial Leasing Mode of Ship Industry:

Cosco Marine Special Transportation Co. , Ltd. as an Example

Abstract

The common ways of shipping financing in China mainly include loan financing, equity financing, creditor's rights financing and financing lease. Due to the high cost of loan financing, strict restrictions on equity financing and high risk of debt financing, the application scope of China's shipping industry is limited. This paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the mode of ship financial leasing by using SWOT analysis, and concludes that there are some advantages such as low cost and various modes of financial leasing. This paper points out that there are still some problems in China's ship finance lease, such as lack of professional personnel, high financing risk and weak capital, which restrict the further development of ship finance lease in China.

This paper takes COSCO HAITE company as an example to analyze the status quo of China's ship finance leasing business. COSCO HAITE company is actually controlled by state-owned enterprises, has a high-quality crew, international management system, shipping business is more developed. Through SWOT analysis, COSCO HAITE's ship finance leasing business is conducive to the company to reduce the amount of bank loans, reduce management costs, improve the utilization of funds. However, there are still some problems such as small scale, single mode, disadvantage of avoiding risk, lack of strategic vision and so on.

In order to lay a solid foundation for the development of ship finance lease in China, this paper puts forward some suggestions: to actively train professional personnel in ship finance lease, to establish and perfect relevant laws and regulations of ship finance lease, and to perfect the channels of raising funds, strengthen the supervision of financing, reduce financing risks, learn advanced financing models and management experience of foreign countries, to ensure the healthy and comprehensive development of ship finance leasing business.

Keywords: Mode of ship finance lease; SWOT analysis; Current business situation of COSCO Marine Special Transportation company;Relevant suggestions on ship finance lease

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪 论 1

1.1 研究背景 1

1.2 研究目的及意义 1

1.3 研究内容及方法 1

1.4 论文框架 1

第二章 船舶融资租赁文献综述 2

2.1船舶融资方式定义及研究现状 2

2.2船舶融资租赁的定义、形式和优点......................................................................................................2

2.3国际船舶融资租赁格局演变及趋势......................................................................................................2

2.4我国船舶融资租赁发展现状..................................................................................................................3

2.5发展我国船舶融资租赁行业的措施和建议..........................................................................................3

第三章 我国船舶融资租赁行业现状 3

3.1 我国船舶融资的发展、方式及现状 4

3.1.1贷款融资...........................................................................................................................................4

3.1.2股权融资...........................................................................................................................................4

3.1.3债权融资...........................................................................................................................................4

3.1.4融资租赁...........................................................................................................................................4

3.2我国船舶融资租赁存在的问题..............................................................................................................4

第四章 船舶融资租赁模式的SWOT分析 5

4.1 SWOT分析的定义及运用 7

4.2 船舶融资租赁模式的SWOT分析 7

4.2.1 船舶融资租赁的优势......................................................................................................................7

4.2.2 船舶融资租赁的劣势......................................................................................................................7

4.2.3 船舶融资租赁的机遇......................................................................................................................8

4.2.4船舶融资租赁的挑战.......................................................................................................................8

第五章 中远海特公司船舶融资租赁业务发展现状及分析 9

5.1 中远海特公司的现状 9

5.2 中远海特公司融资租赁业务的SWOT分析 9

5.2.1中远海特公司融资租赁业务的优势...............................................................................................9

5.2.2中远海特公司融资租赁业务的劣势.............................................................................................10

5.2.3中远海特公司融资租赁业务的机遇.............................................................................................10

5.2.4中远海特公司融资租赁业务的挑战.............................................................................................11

第六章 对发展我国船舶行业融资租赁模式的建议 12

6.1 具体建议 12

结 论 13

参考文献（References） 14

致 谢 15

第一章 绪 论

1.1 研究背景

自第一次工业革命以来，船舶航运在全球经济中占据着越来越重要的地位，相比空运的昂贵和铁路运输的局限，航运成本较低而且极为便捷。大批的货物通过货船运往世界各地，将世界经济紧密地联系在一起。随着经济的进一步发展，船舶航运的形式也发生了巨大的变化，各种新兴的船舶制造、租赁模式层出不穷，在这个过程中船舶航运的问题开始逐渐暴露出来。“两高一低”问题是困扰船舶公司发展的痼疾，即：业务风险较高、业务成本较高、业务收入较低。由于航海气候较为恶劣，船体老化速度较快，我国老化的船占比高达三分之一，事故多发。加之机构不合理、管理不当、技术落后，严重影响了我国航运业的盈利和发展，亟需对企业造船模式进行改进。我国主要航运集团正着手改变船队结构，降低船舶成本，筹措造船资金，保障船舶航运业的盈利与发展，船舶融资租赁是大势所趋。

1.2 研究目的及意义

本文旨在对我国境内船舶融资模式进行研究，了解其发展及现状，分析目前主要融资方式的不足，分析目前中国船舶融资租赁业务发展的现实状况，针对融资市场和融资租赁模式存在的问题，对症下药，提出有利于发展相关业务的意见和建议。

1.3 研究内容及方法

本文将对中国船舶融资租赁行业发展现状和中远海特公司船舶融资租赁业务的情况进行探究，主要的分析方法是定量和定性结合起来，从宏微观两个角度着眼，研究该企业融资租赁业务的优点和不足。

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