论文总字数：14302字

摘 要

在这个飞速发展的时代数字化技术得到了很大的提升，电子称重技术作为数字化技术的一部分也得到了很好的发展，各式各样的的电子称重仪器随着时代发展逐渐的出现。商用电子秤和民用电子秤是电子称重的重要组成部分，更加智能化的数字电子秤没有在市场上得到普遍的应用，市场上大部分还是使用的台秤和杆秤，此类电子秤有容易破损，难以维修，测量精度不够等缺点，当我们在进行微量物体的称重时例如药物，海关等的称重时就会出现明显的误差，对买卖双方都存在不公平性。

电子秤在我们的平时生活中已经得到了很普遍的应用。在此次课题中我们将采用以STC89C52为核心设计一款智能电子秤。在硬件方面主要以传感器、放大线路、A/D转换器、CPU、LCD显示、键盘操作、报警系统这七个部分为基本框架组成。运用显示方案和键盘操作来达到人机交互的功能。选择相应的传感器、CPU、放大器、A/D转换器、算法对所采集到的数据进行处理。整个电子称重系统能够非常智能化的进行自动报警，自动称重，自动显示等等功能。拥有成本低，操作简单，测量精确等优点，可以适用在商业或者家庭等各种场所。

关键词：STC59C52，A/D转换，LCD显示，报警系统

Abstract: in the rapid development of the era of digital technology has been greatly improved, electronic weighing technology as a part of digital technology has also been a good development, a wide variety of electronic weighing instruments with the development of the times gradually appeared. Commercial electronic scales and civil electronic scales are important parts of electronic weighing. Commercial electronic scales have not been popularized in small and medium markets. They still use ordinary pole scales and platform scales, etc. such electronic scales have shortcomings such as lack of precision, easy breakage, and difficult to repair. When objects are weighed, such as drugs, customs and so on, there will be obvious errors, which will be unfair to both buyers and sellers.

The electronic scale mainly includes the technology of computer detection, information processing and so on. It is the weighing instrument which is closely related to us in our daily life. In our daily life, electronic scales have been widely used in this topic, we will use STC89C52 as the core design of an intelligent electronic scale. In hardware, it is mainly composed of seven parts: sensors, amplifying circuit, A/D converter, CPU, LCD display, keyboard operation and alarm system. Using display scheme and keyboard operation to achieve the function of human-machine interaction. Select the corresponding sensors, CPU, amplifier, A/D converter and algorithm to process the collected data. The entire electronic weighing system can be very intelligent in automatic alarm, automatic weighing, automatic display and so on. The advantages of low cost, simple operation and accurate measurement can be applied to various places such as business or family.

Keywords: STC59C52, A/D conversion, LCD display, alarm system

目 录

1 绪论 3

1.1 本设计的选题及意义 3

1.2 课题研究背景 3

1.3 本研究在国内的研究现状 4

2 系统方案论证与硬件选型 4

2.1 总体设计的选择方案 4

2.2 CPU型号的选择方案 5

2.3 显示屏的选择方案 7

2.4 称重传感器的选择方案 7

2.5 A/D芯片的选择方案 8

2.6 放大器的选择方案 8

2.7 键盘的选择方案 9

2.8 过载报警的方案 9

3 硬件的设计 10

3.1 传感器的设计 10

3.1.1 电阻应变式传感器测量电路的设计 10

3.2 放大电路的设计 11

3.3 CPU最小电路系统设计 11

3.4 显示电路与单片机接口电路设计 12

5 模数转换器与单片机的接口电路设计 13

3.6 报警电路的设计 13

4 软件设计 14

4.1 编程语言的选择 14

4.2 主程序的编写 14

4.3 子程序的设计 15

4.4 模数转换子程序的设计 15

4.5键盘扫描子程序的设计 16

4.6价格计算子程序的设计 17

4.7 报警子程序的设计 18

5 系统调试 19

5.1 程序编写软件 19

5.1.2仿真软件 20

结论 21

参考文献 22

致谢 23

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