摘 要

死亡主题是人类一直在孜孜不倦探索的话题之一，海明威因为独特的生活环境，很小就和死亡有接触，而之后的经历更是让他多次面对死亡,因此海明威终其一生都在对死亡进行思考并在自己的作品中向世人展示。《永别了，武器》作为海明威的代表作之一，有其独特的研究价值。本文旨在通过分析小说中的主人公的经历探索海明威此时对待死亡的态度。

文章在简单介绍海明威用其一生对死亡进行思考的原因后，展示了海明威一生中对待死亡的态度。之后结合小说介绍男女主人公的具体经历，然后分析海明威借主人公的经历表达出的他的态度的和研究此主题的意义，而文章的最后得出海明威此时处于不惧死亡，但却认为人类无法战胜死亡的阶段。

关键词：死亡；反抗；失败；价值

Abstract

The theme of death is one of the topics that human beings have been exploring. Because of his unique living environment, Hemingway has had contact with death since he was a child and he narrowly escaped death several times in his life, so Hemingway uses his life to think about death and show his ideas to the world in his own works. A Farewell to Arms, as one of Hemingway's representative works, has its unique research value. The purpose of this article is to explore Hemingway's attitude towards death by analyzing the experience of the protagonist in the novel.

After a brief introduction to Hemingway's reason for thinking about death in his lifetime, the thesis shows Hemingway's attitude towards death in his whole life. Then it introduces the specific experience of the hero and heroine, and then analyzes Hemingway's attitude expressed by the hero's experience, as well as the significance of studying the theme of Hemingway's death. At the end of the article, the conclusion is that Hemingway is at the stage of not afraid of death but thinks that human beings can not defeat death.

Key Words: death ; resistance; failure; value

Contents

Death Consciousness in A Farewell to Arms 1

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Introduction to Hemingway and A Farewell to Arms 1

1.2 Literature review 1

2 The Cause of Death Consciousness in Hemingway's Works 3

2.1 Unique life experience 3

2.2 Religious awareness 3

2.3 The Experience of war 4

3 Hemingway's View of Death 6

3.1 Facing death 6

3.2 Challenge the fate 6

3.3 Beyond death 7

4 The Hero’s Experience 8

4.1 Henry’s experience 8

4.2 Catherine's experience 9

5 Analysis and Significance 11

6 Conclusion 13

References 14

Acknowledgements 15

Death Consciousness in A Farewell to Arms

1 Introduction

1.1 Introduction to Hemingway and A Farewell to Arms

Hemingway, a representative of the "Lost Generation", is an American novelist and reporter. He was hailed as the spiritual monument of the American nation, and was the founder of the "News" novel. Hemingway is a well-known tough guy who occupies an important position in the history of American literature and the history of world literature.

Hemingway was born in 1899 in Oak Park and died in 1961. After graduating from high school, Hemingway spent six months as an intern reporter where he was well trained. He participated in the First World War and narrowly escaped death. This experience affected his entire life. There are many works published by Ernest Hemingway. His debut novel The Sun Also Rises was published in 1926. His representative works include A Farewell to Arms (1929), For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940), The Old Man and the Sea (1952).

Hemingway's novel A Farewell to Arms is the best work of the "Lost Generation" literature and the novel tells us a tragic love story. Henry, the hero of the novel, is a young American who fought in the Italian battlefield. In the hospital, he fell in love with the heroine Catherine. Henry decided to leave the war after being mistaken for a deserter. They fled to Switzerland for a peaceful life. After a happy time, Katherine died in childbirth. At the end of the story, only Henry lived in the world. In the context of the war, the novel describes the love of Henry and Catherine, and profoundly points out that their happiness and love are completely destroyed by the war.

1.2 Literature review

As a literary masterpiece, it has achieved numerous achievements after several decades of publication and has been translated into many languages. There are many studies on this article in the world, and there are many research directions.

Most of the articles are studies of Hemingway’s anti-war ideas in this book. Such as, Liu pointed out in her article Paradise Lost that the annihilation of human nature (Liu, 2009). Man and nature were destroyed by the war, and the cruel war affected human life. In her article Disillusionment Brought by War -Comment on Farewell to arms by Hemingway, Yin severely condemned the harm caused by the war to human beings and arrived at Hemingway’s profound anti-war thinking (Yin. 2006).

Although death is one of the main themes in literature, there are not many articles that study the subject of death in this novel. In spite of this, important achievements have now been made on this topic. Now we generally believe that Hemingway's creation of A Farewell to Arms is in the second stage of his understanding of death. At that time he thought death could not be defeated. There are much evidence that can prove this. Lu said that Hemingway's naive and fantasy to life in childhood fade away (Lu, 2013). He could face the war and the death directly and bravely, but he feels isolated. The purpose of this article is to analyze Hemingway’s understanding of death at this time through the interpretation of the characters’ experiences in A Farewell to Arms.