基于ADAMS的普及型轿车悬架系统

设计及运动学分析

学院（系）： 国际教育学院

专业班级： 车辆gj1402班

学生姓名： 江逸飞

指导教师： 余晨光

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Abstract

Suspension system is one of the most important parts in vehicle assembly. Its main task is to transmit all force and moment between body and wheels as it flexibly connects the body and the wheel. The design of suspension system and the characteristic of suspension is the important parts of full vehicle performance.

Based on the parameters of a popular car, uses ADAMS/Car to assist the design of suspension system and the kinematic simulation and analysis.

This paper mainly contains suspension parameter design, suspension geometry design, front suspension kinematic modeling based on ADAMS/Car, front suspension kinematic simulation and hardpoint optimization.

Key Words：ADAMS; Kinematic simulation; Optimization; Suspension systems;

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Abstract I

TABLE OF CONTENTS II

Chapter 1 Introduction 1

1.1 Research Backgrounds 1

1.2 Introduction of Suspension System 1

1.2.1 The composition of Suspension System 2

1.2.2 The classification of Suspension System 2

1.3 Domestic and Foreign Research Status 3

1.4 Main Contents and Technical Scheme 4

1.4.1 Main Contents 4

1.4.2 Technical Scheme 4

1.5 Chapter Summary 4

Chapter 2 Suspension Parameters Design 5

2.1 Vehicle Parameters 5

2.2 Design of Suspension Parameters 5

2.2.1 Suspension type selection 5

2.2.2 Calculation of Front/Rear Suspension Static Deflection 5

2.2.3 Calculation of Front/Rear Suspension Dynamic Deflection 7

2.3 Design of Suspension Springs 7

2.3.1 Determination of Spring Diameter and Stiffness 7

2.3.2 Front/Rear Bias Frequency Check 8

2.3.3 Spring Strength and Stability Check 9

2.3.4 Other Spring Parameters 9

2.4 Design of Suspension Dampers 10

2.4.1 Brief Introduction of Dampers 10

2.4.2 Relative Damping Coefficient 11

2.4.3 Damping Coefficient 11

2.4.4 Maximum Unloading Force 12

2.4.5 Diameter of Damper Work Cylinder 12

2.4.6 Damper Stock Cylinder Design 13

2.5 Chapter Summary 13

Chapter 3 Suspension Geometry Design 14

3.1 Roll Center and Roll Axis 14

3.2 Wheel Alignment Parameters 15

3.2.1 Castor Angle 15

3.2.2 Camber Angle 16

3.2.3 Toe Angle 17

3.2.4 Kingpin Inclination Angle 18

3.3 Front Suspension Geometry 18

3.3.1 Front View Front Suspension Geometry 19

3.3.2 Side View Front Suspension Geometry 20

3.4 Rear Suspension Geometry 22

3.4.1 Top View Rear Suspension Geometry 22

3.4.2 Side View Rear Suspension Geometry 22

3.5 Chapter Summary 23

Chapter 4 Kinematic Simulation and Optimization 24

4.1 Introduction of ADAMS 24

4.2 Establishment of MacPherson Suspension Kinematic Model 24

4.3 MacPherson Suspension Kinematic Simulation 25

4.3.1 Excitation Exerting 25

4.3.2 Results and Analysis 26

4.4 MacPherson Suspension Hardpoint Optimization 28

4.4.1 Introduction of DOE Method 28

4.4.2 Design Objects 28

4.4.3 Optimal Variables 29

4.4.4 Work Space and Calculation 30

4.4.5 Sensitivity Analysis 31

4.4.6 Hardpoints Optimization and Results Analysis 32

4.5 Chapter Summary 35

Chapter 5 Summarization and Outlooks 36

5.1 Design Summarization 36

5.2 Shortage and Outlooks 36

References 38

Acknowledgements 39

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Research Backgrounds

The automobile suspension is one of the most important assemblies on the modern vehicles. It connects the body and the wheel flexibly. Its main task is to transfer all forces and moments acting between the wheel and the body; to mitigate the impact load transmitted to the body by the road surface and to attenuate the vibration of the bearing system caused thereby, to ensure the smooth running of the car; to ensure that the wheel is uneven on the road surface and When the load changes, it has ideal sports characteristics to ensure the stability of the car, so that the car can get high-speed driving ability. ^[1]

At present, customers have higher requirements on the safety and comfort of vehicles. Traditional passive suspension structures can hardly satisfy those requirements for ride performance. Since the 1990s, the design of semi-active suspension and active suspension has gradually emerged. The semi-active suspension and active suspension not only overcome the problems of balancing stability and ride performance in traditional passive suspension, but also adapt to various driving conditions and arbitrary road excitations, becoming an important trend in the future development of vehicle suspension.

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