摘 要

随着科学技术的不断发展，市场上出现了越来越高科技复杂并且容易受到外界干扰的电子设备，它们需要一个体积小便携，功耗低节能，性能优越的BUCK型DC-DC变换器来为电源供电。

PID控制的历史已经有了80多年，绝大部分应用在可建立精确数学模型的系统中。在PID控制使用的过程中，往往因为I和D参数的难以调节选择而显得十分麻烦，实际使用的过程中非常浪费时间，且面对非线性系统，比如BUCK变换器时往往效果有限。而模糊控制理论在一定范围内，能将非线性的系统抽象成线性系统，方便我们研究。此外，传统模拟控制的方式容易受环境湿度，温度以及元器件老化等因素的影响导致可靠性降低，而数字控制方式具有独特的优点包括可在线编程，可以运用先进的算法来实现更高的可靠性。

本文将就基于PID模糊控制算法的BUCK型DC-DC变换器进行设计，包括原理分析，主拓扑的研究以及各个模块，如模数转换器，模糊PID控制器以及PWM调制模块进行研究，完成系统的仿真模型并进行仿真实验。利用matlab自带的模糊工具箱进行模糊规则的确定，将模糊算法与PID控制相结合，并将推理得到的PID参数带入系统完成复合控制，最终得到输出电压仿真波形图并与基于PID控制的BUCK电路输出相比较，验证模糊PID控制的优越性。

关键字：模糊PID控制算法，BUCK型DC-DC变换器，模糊表，隶属函数，matlab

BUCK DC-DC Converter Based on Fuzzy-PID Control Algorithms

Abstract

With the continuous development of science and technology, there are more and more high-tech and complex electronic devices in the market, which are more vulnerable to external interference. They need a tinny, portable,energy-saving, superior performance BUCK DC-DC converter to supply power.

The history of PID control has been more than 80 years, and most of it is applied in systems that can establish accurate mathematical models. In the process of using the PID control, it is often difficult to adjust and select the parameters of I and D, which makes it very troublesome and wastes time in the actual use. Fuzzy control theory can abstract the non-linear system into a linear system within a certain range, which is convenient for us to study. In addition, the traditional analog control method is vulnerable to environmental humidity, temperature and aging of components and other factors, resulting in lower reliability, while the digital control method has unique advantages, including online programming, can use advanced algorithms to achieve higher reliability.

In this paper, BUCK DC-DC converter based on PID fuzzy control algorithm is designed, including principle analysis, main topology research and various modules, such as analog-to-digital converter, fuzzy PID controller and PWM modulation module, to complete the simulation model of the system and complete the experiment. The fuzzy toolbox with matlab is used to determine the fuzzy rules.The fuzzy algorithm is combined with the PID control,and the inferred PID parameters are brought into the system to complete the composition control.Finally,the output voltage simulation waveform is obtained and the BUCK based on PID control is obtained.Then they are compared to make sure the advantage of the fuzzy-pid control.

Key words: Fuzzy PID control algorithm, BUCK DC-DC converter, fuzzy table, membership function, matlab

目录

摘要...........................................................................................................I

Abstract....................................................................................................II

1. 绪论.............................................................................................1

1.1研究背景..................................................................................1

1.2 BUCK型DC-DC变换器的特点和研究现状.............................1

1.3模糊PID控制的特点和研究现状............................................2

1.4模糊PID控制策略和意义.......................................................3

1.5本文结构安排与主要工作......................................................4

第二章 BUCK型DC-DC变换器工作原理以及主拓扑分析....................6

2.1 BUCK变换器工作原理图及原理分析....................................6

2.2负载电流与输出电压，栅射电压的关系图..........................6

2.3 BUCK变换器的三种控制方式................................................7

2.4 BUCK变换器工作过程的数学分析........................................7

2.5 BUCK变换器组成元件的参数设置........................................9

第三章 模糊PID控制原理及其控制器设计.........................................10

3.1模糊PID控制原理介绍.........................................................10

3.2模糊PID控制器模型分析.....................................................12

3.3模糊PID控制算法分析设计.................................................13

3.3.1隶属函数的选择........................................................................13

3.3.2输入模糊子集的设计................................................................15

3.3.3输入变量论域的范围................................................................15

3.3.4模糊子集的参数拐点设计........................................................15

3.3.5输出变量模糊子集设计............................................................17

3.3.6模糊PID控制规则表设计........................................................19

3.3.7解模糊方法................................................................................22

3.4模糊PID控制系统搭建及仿真.............................................23

3.4.1系统封装模块介绍....................................................................23

3.4.2基于模糊PID控制的DC-DC型BUCK变换器模型..................26

3.4.3模糊推理系统设置....................................................................27

3.5仿真结果分析........................................................................30

第四章：总结与期望 .........................................................................32

4.1总结........................................................................................32

4.2期望........................................................................................32

参考文献.................................................................................................33

致谢.........................................................................................................35

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