文 献 综 述 摘 要 热电材料是一种可以将热能和电能直接相互转化的功能材料，可以将余热转化为电能再利用，还可以实现无氟无传动的制冷。

传统的热电材料大多需要用到稀有或有毒的元素，价格昂贵的同时还会对环境造成影响，所以环境友好且廉价的热电材料的开发是实现热电变换设备规模化应用的前提之一。

TiS2由于其原料的丰富性和良好的热电性能得到越来越多的关注和研究。

研究表明，TiS2是一种层状半导体材料，具有可与传统热电材料相媲美的功率因子，但是其热导率较高，导致它的热电优值偏低。

目前，降低TiS2热导率的方法主要有：在TiS2的层间插入金属原子或金属硫化物；用其他元素置换部分Ti原子或S原子；在TiS2基体中复合纳米第二相等方法。

本课题选择TiS2基热电材料作为研究对象，使用高温固相法和放电等离子烧结的工艺制备了FexTiS2的块体，通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、电输运和热学性能测试设备研究了不同插层比例、测试方向对TiS2基热电材料的组成、形貌和热电性能的影响。

关键词：热电材料 二硫化钛 插层 载流子浓度 ABSTRACT Thermoelectric (TE) materials can directly convert heat into electricity and vice versa, which have widely applications in power generation for waste heat recovery and fluoride-free, steady-state cooling. Most of the state-of-the-art TE materials contain rare or toxic elements, which are expensive and harmful for environment. Therefore, the development of environmentally-friendly and inexpensive TE materials is worthy for widely application of TE devices. Titanium disulfide (TiS2) has received more and more attentions because of the abundance of raw materials and extremely high power factor which is comparable to those of best TEs. However, possibly due to the light-weight constituent atoms, its thermal conductivity is too high to realize a high figure of merit, ZT. Currently, intensive efforts attempting to reduce the thermal conductivity have been made mainly focusing on several ways, e.g., inserting metal atoms or metal sulfides in the Vander-Waals gaps, partly replacing Ti or S atoms with other elements, and introducing nanophase in the TiS2 matrix. The present research chose TiS2-based materials as the object, and FexTiS2 was prepared by high temperature solid state reaction and spark plasma sintering, and were analyzed employing X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and thermoelectric testing system to study the influence of different sintering temperature, specimen orientation and composite ratio on the composition, morphology and TE performance of the composites. KEYWORDS: Thermoelectric material； Titanium disulfide； Intercalation； Carrier concentration 1.研究背景 能源是现代社会发展的基础，随着现代社会的不断发展能源消耗的总量不断增大，其中化石类能源占据主体。

而传统化石能源的大量使用导致大气中温室气体含量急剧上升，造成全球气候变暖，威胁很多物种的生存与发展。

同时传统能源的利用率较低，在使用的过程中约有60%的能量以废热的形式被浪费。

因此，余热的回收利用在能源的高效利用和节能方面具有很大的现实意义。