1．目的及意义

(1).Overview of road wrecker

When the car isdriving on the road, failures and accidents are unavoidable, especially onhigh-grade highways. This phenomenon often occurs. With the increase of highwaymileage and car ownership, road wreckers have been also developed. Roadwreckers, also known as trolleys, refer to special vehicles equipped with roadrescue equipment. Road wreckers are mainly used for road failure vehicles,consignments of urban illegal vehicles, and road rescues. Its task is to dragthe faulty car or accident car away from the site in time to ensure unimpededaccess. Therefore, road wreckers are also called road emergency vehicles. At present, the chassis of road wreckers in China is mainly based onQingling, Dongfeng, Jianghuai, Iveco Hongyan SAIC,SINOTRUK, Shaanxi Auto, and Futian.

(2)Development Status of Road Wreckers at Home and Abroad

The development ofroad wreckers in China is late. The world's first road wrecker was developedand produced by the United States in the 1950s, and China has been nearlythirty years late. At present, the world's most outstanding producers in thewrecker industry include Century, JERR-Dan, CHALLENGER, WRECKER in the UnitedStates, BONIFACE in the United Kingdom, EMPL in Austria, TOKYU in Japan, andNRC in Canada.

In the 1980s, Chinaintroduced road wreckers. With the deepening reform of the economic system, thedevelopment of road wrecker technology in China has gradually tended to combinethe introduction of advanced technology and independent research anddevelopment. In recent years, with the efforts ofa group of wrecker companies including Yuehai and Changzhou Zhongqi, the paceof Ramp;D of wrecker products has gradually accelerated. With a large numberof new products such as wading wreckers and pickup trucks have come out, road wreckers have ushered in a new stage of development. After 2000, China's wreckers learned from the model structure ofwreckers abroad, gradually digested and absorbed key core technologies, whichled to a rapid increase in the level of manufacturing technology for wreckersin China, and perfected the product variety and function of wreckers.The mainfunctions of China's wrecker production, varieties, and special parts of thewrecker (excluding chassis) have exceeded South Korea and Japan, but there isstill a certain gap between its appearance and performance. The main functions of China's wrecker production, varieties, andspecial parts of the wrecker (excluding chassis) have exceeded South Korea andJapan, but there is still a certain gap between its appearance and performance.Compared with the advanced developed countries, there is still a large gap inthe technology for removing obstacles. At present, the development of theindustry is facing three kinds of difficulties, which are mainly manifested in thephenomena of bad currency driving away good money, lack of independent researchand development power, lack of protection of product knowledge rights, and lackof specialized chassis.

With the developmentof China’s road construction and the gradual expansion of the city’s scale, thenumber of car ownership has continued to increase. Cars have experienced roadfailures and frequent traffic accidents. In addition to the many natural disastersthat have occurred in recent years, the demand for wreckers in China isincreasing. Wreckers will move toward optimizing the body structure, usinghigh-strength steel or applying new materials, lightweighting, automation andother trends.

(3).Purposeand significance

According to the typeof structure, wreckers are generally divided into three types, acarrier-separation type, a hanger-strap type, and a flat type. They all havecertain drawbacks when they work. For example, compared with the carrier-separationtype, although the carrier-separation type wrecker canrealize the separate operation of lifting and sling to make the operation issimple and easy to adjust, however, the bracket mechanism is separately mountedon the frame, and the frame is modified so that the strength and stiffnessperformance of the frame worse. As for the flat-type wrecker, the shortcomingsare also obvious: First, there is no hoisting capacity. For faulty cars thatslide out of the road, they can only be rescued by other wreckers or cranes.Second, the speed of the flat plate's winch rope is slower,it takes a long timeto drag the faulty car onto the flat plate; Third, the support arm of flatcaris limited by the structure. When it is flat, it cannot be completely loweredto the ground. It can only be lowered to a negative angle to support the arm toextend and retract to lift the faulty car. This will cause damage to the bumperof the faulty vehicle when the faulty vehicle has a lower chassis,which willcause secondary damage to the faulty vehicle. By studying the cleaning methodsof side-mounted wreckers, these shortcomings can be effectively avoided and thecleaning efficiency can be greatly improved.{title}

2. 研究的基本内容与方案

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Fundamental contents

The main researchcontent of this article is divided into the following sections:

(1) Understand thedevelopment status and development trend of road wreckers;