摘 要

喷射成形是一种把熔融金属的雾化以及接下来的沉积凝固过程结合在一起，可以直接将熔融金属制成拥有快速凝固特征坯件的快速成形工艺。喷射成形可用于生产拥有优良性能的金属复合材料。研究开发高性能、高性价比且满足不同使用条件要求的材料及其简易装备一直是材料工作者的重要研究内容。

本课题通过调研，分析国内外喷射成形金属复合材料的研究现状及发展趋势，论述喷射成形技术的工艺特点、喷射成形在制取金属复合材料方面的优势，讨论喷射成形金属材料制品的技术难点，从技术角度提出喷射成形先进金属材料小型实验装置的技术设计方案。该设计具有：简单易操作、功能较全，集抽真空、循环水冷、收粉以及监测功能于一体等成果。

本文的特色之处在于：通过调研国内外的喷射成形技术的工业应用及其装备特点，通过分析、比较和吸收这些喷射成形装备各自的结构特点，放到自己的简易装置设计中来，成为一个较简易和相对完善的小型喷射成形装置。

关键词 喷射成形；产业化；小型装置；快速沉积技术

Abstract

Spray forming is a combination of molten metal atomization and deposition process, which has the characteristics of rapid solidification organization directly make by the molten metal body for a new type of material forming process.Spray forming can be used in the production of metal composite materials to create a more excellent performance of composite materials. The research and development of great performance, high cost performance，meet the requirements of different conditions of use of material and its simple device have been an important work of the research content.

Through the research, the paper analyze the research status of spray forming metal composite material at home and abroad and its development trend, characteristic of spray forming technology are also discussed , spray forming has advantage in producing metal composite material, discussing the technical difficulties of spray forming metal materials products and come out advanced technology solutions of small experimental device of the spray forming metal material from a technical point.. This design has advantages as below: simple and easy to operate, the function is complete, set of pumping air into vacuum state, circulating water cooling, and powder as well as the monitoring function and integration, etc.

Characteristics of this article lies in: through the research related to applications of spray forming technology and equipment characteristics at home and abroad, through the analysis, comparison and absorption of the Spray forming equipment which have their own structure characteristics, put on their advantages in the design of simple device, become a relatively simple and perfect small Spray forming device.

key words: Spray forming; Industrialization; small device; Rapid deposition technology

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 国内外喷射成形的研究进展 1

1.2 喷射成形技术发展现状（喷射成形产业化）和存在问题 3

1.3 本文的主要研究内容和选题意义 4

第二章 喷射成形技术的原理、设备和工艺 6

2.1喷射成形技术的基本原理 6

2.2喷射成形装置 6

2.2.1熔炼系统 6

2.2.2供气系统 6

2.2.3 惰性气体雾化系统 7

2.2.4辅助系统 7

2.2.5接收系统 7

2.3喷射成形技术的工艺特点 7

2.4 本章小结 8

第三章 喷射成形技术的重要应用方向 9

3.1 钢铁产品 9

3.2高硅铝合金缸套 9

3.3双金属覆层管 10

3.4高温合金产品 10

3.5 本章小结 11

第四章 小型化喷射成形装置设计初探 12

4.1喷射成形装置原理图的比较 12

4.1.1热锻模具精密喷射成形装置 12

4.1.2高温结构材料喷射成形装置 14

4.1.3 PS-1型直喷式喷射成形装置 15

4.2喷射成形装置专利 17

4.3小型喷射成形装置 19

4.3.1改良前原始喷射成形装置 19

4.3.2改良后典型喷射成形装置 20

结束语 21

参考文献 22

致谢 24

第一章 绪论