摘 要

高折射率玻璃对于光学系统的小型化和轻量化有着非常重要的意义。氧化镧-氧化铝体系玻璃具有最高可达1.9的折射率，有潜力用于制作更薄更轻的光学元件，减轻精密光学系统的重量。

本论文采用气动悬浮技术利用激光加热制备了氧化镧-氧化铝玻璃，获得了氧化镧-氧化铝玻璃的形成能力。并在此基础上，测量了它们的高温粘度、表面张力、密度、显微硬度、玻璃化转变温度（T_g）和紫外吸收限等物理性质随玻璃组成的变化，以期加深对上述体系材料结构本质的理解。论文获得的主要结果如下：

当玻璃组成中氧化镧所占的摩尔分数在28%～55%范围内时，可以获得玻璃；采用DSC测试得到样品的玻璃化转变温度T_g，但部分样品未能测得T_g；通过气动悬浮炉测量了样品的高温粘度，并用测得的共振频率计算了它们的表面张力；随着氧化镧含量的增加，玻璃在室温的密度和吸收限波长均逐渐增加，而显微硬度呈先增加后减小的变化趋势，且其数值显著高于普通玻璃。

关键词：高折射率玻璃；气动悬浮技术；铝酸盐玻璃；氧化镧

Abstract

Glasses with ultra-high refractive index play an important role for miniaturization and lightweight of the current optical systems. It could be achieved in the glass system of lanthanum aluminum oxide, in which a reflective index as high as 1.9 could be realized. That makes lanthanum aluminum oxide glass a promising material for reducing the total weight of the optical system by making optical components with lower thickness and lighter weight.

In this thesis, lanthanum aluminum oxide glasses were prepared with an aerodynamic levitation technique by heating with CO₂ lasers. The glass formation ability in the binary system of La₂O₃-Al₂O₃ was obtained. Besides, the physical properties such as viscosity and surface tension at high temperature, density, microhardness, glass transition temperature(T_g), and the UV absorption edge as a function of glass composition. The results acquired from this study could be summarized as follows,

Glassy samples were achieved when the content of La₂O₃ was in the range from 28% to 55% in mole. DSC analysis was carried out for determining the glass transition temperature T_g, but it could not be obtained in several samples. Both of the viscosity and surface tension at high temperature were determined by using the aerodynamic levitation technique with the samples’ characteristic resonant frequency. When the content of La₂O₃ in the glass sample increased from 28% to 55% in mole, both of the density and the wavelength of UV absorption edge at room temperature was found to be increased. On the other hand, the measured microhardness showed a tendency of increasing at first and then decreasing with the increment of La₂O₃ content.

Key Words: high refractive index glass; aerodynamic levitation technique; aluminate glass; lanthanum oxide

目录

第1章 绪论...................................................................................................................................1

1.1 研究背景及意义.................................................................................................................1

1.2 气悬浮技术.........................................................................................................................1

1.3 课题研究内容.....................................................................................................................3

1. 实验设备与实验过程........................................................................................................4

2.1 实验试剂及仪器.................................................................................................................4

2.1.1 实验试剂.....................................................................................................................4

2.1.2 实验设备.....................................................................................................................4

2.2 玻璃的性能测试仪器.......................................................................................................5

2.3 玻璃的制备工艺.................................................................................................................6

2.3.1 气动悬浮实验装置.....................................................................................................6

2.3.2 玻璃的制备.................................................................................................................7

2.4 玻璃微珠的密度测试.........................................................................................................9

2.5 玻璃的红外测试...............................................................................................................10

2.6 玻璃透射率的测试...........................................................................................................11

2.7 玻璃的DSC测试...............................................................................................................11

2.8 玻璃显微硬度测试...........................................................................................................12

2.9 玻璃的高温热物理性能测试...........................................................................................12

1. 结果与讨论........................................................................................................................14

3.1 玻璃密度测试结果分析...................................................................................................14

3.2 红外测试结果及分析.......................................................................................................15

3.3 透射率测试结果及分析...................................................................................................16

3.4 DSC测试结果及分析......................................................................................................17

3.5 显微硬度测试结果及分析...............................................................................................19