论文总字数：23098字

摘 要

随着中国城镇化率的不断提高，越来越多的城市地表被不透水的传统混凝土覆盖。这不仅使得地表水分与地下水分的联系被阻隔，造成城市地下水位不断下降，还促使城市热岛效应不断加剧。由于不透水的传统混凝土材料基本无法使本该渗入地下的雨水迅速渗入地下，而是随着城市排水系统流入城市周围的河流或湖泊中，短时间内的大量降水难以通过排水系统排出，就会造成城市内涝现象的不断加剧，河流洪峰增多增强。而透水混凝土则可以有效解决上述问题，近年来我国有关于透水混凝土的相关研究也越来越多，越来越深入。

论文以透水混凝土为主要研究对象，探究透水混凝土相比于传统混凝土所具有的优势。论文列举了三种新型透水混凝土的主要原材料、制备工艺以及力学性能和透水性能并进行比较。其中，力学性能主要以抗压强度和抗折强度为依据，透水性能以孔隙率和透水速率为依据。通过综合比较分析选出综合性能更好的新型透水混凝土。

论文还采取控制单一变量法，分别研究水灰比和集灰比，以及玻璃纤维和粉煤灰两种添加剂掺量对透水混凝土的力学性能和透水性能的影响，其中透水性能以单位时间透水率为依据。研究结果表明：在力学性能方面，水灰比和集灰比都对透水混凝土的抗压强度有显著的影响，两者对抗折强度的变化没有明显的体现，而添加剂对整体力学性能影响更加显著。在透水性能方面，水灰比和集灰比的增加都对提高透水混凝土透水性能有利，而玻璃纤维和粉煤灰的掺量对透水性能影响相对较为复杂。

关键词：透水混凝土；海绵城市；力学性能；透水率

Abstract

As China's urbanization rate continues to increase, more and more urban surfaces are covered with impervious traditional concrete. This not only blocked the connection between surface water and groundwater, caused the city's groundwater level to decline, but also promoted the urban heat island effect to intensify. Since the impervious traditional concrete material can hardly make the rainwater that should have penetrated into the ground quickly penetrate into the ground, but as the urban drainage system flows into the rivers or lakes around the city, a large amount of precipitation in a short period of time is difficult to drain through the drainage system. As a result, the urban waterlogging phenomenon continues to intensify, and the river flood peaks increase. Permeable concrete can effectively solve the above problems. In recent years, there have been more and more in-depth studies on permeable concrete in my country.

The thesis takes permeable concrete as the main research object, and explores the advantages of permeable concrete compared with traditional concrete. The paper lists the main raw materials, preparation process, mechanical properties and permeability of three new types of pervious concrete and compares them. Among them, the mechanical properties are mainly based on compressive strength and flexural strength, and the water permeability is based on porosity and water permeability. Through comprehensive comparative analysis, new permeable concrete with better comprehensive performance was selected.

The thesis also adopts the control single variable method to study the water-cement ratio and the dust-collection ratio, as well as the effects of the two additives content of glass fiber and fly ash on the mechanical properties and permeability properties of permeable concrete. As a basis. The research results show that in terms of mechanical properties, both the water-cement ratio and the dust-collection ratio have a significant effect on the compressive strength of permeable concrete. The change in flexural strength of the two has no obvious manifestation, while the additives have a more significant effect on the overall mechanical properties . In terms of water permeability, the increase of water-cement ratio and ash collection ratio is beneficial to improve the water-permeability of water-permeable concrete, and the influence of the content of glass fiber and fly ash on the water-permeability is relatively complicated.

Key Words：Pervious concrete；Sponge city；Mechanical properties；Porosity

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景 1

1.1.1 海绵城市 1

1.1.2 透水混凝土 1

1.1.3 固体废弃物 1

1.1.4 固体废弃物制备透水混凝土 2

1.2 透水混凝土的优势 2

1.3 研究数据分析 3

1.3.1 透水混凝土 3

1.3.2 海绵城市 4

1.3.3 “透水混凝土”与“海绵城市”的比较 5

1.4 国内外研究现状 6

1.4.1 国外研究现状 6

1.4.2 国内研究进程 6

1.5 课题研究方案 7

1.5.1 研究目标 7

1.5.2 技术方案 7

第2章 材料和方法 9

2.1 常用原料 9

2.1.1 改性环氧树脂透水混凝土的主要原材料 9

2.1.2 聚合物透水水泥混凝土的主要原材料 9

2.1.3 地聚物基透水混凝土的主要原材料 9

2.1.4 本课题实验原料 9

2.2 制备方法 9

2.2.1 改性环氧树脂透水混凝土 9

2.2.2 聚合物透水水泥混凝土 9

2.2.3 地聚物基透水混凝土 10

2.2.4 本文实验制备方法 10

2.3 分析方法 11

2.3.1 抗压强度和抗折强度 11

2.3.2 透水系数 11

2.3.3 孔隙率 11

2.3.4 SEM 11

第3章 透水性混凝土路面材料性能分析 12

3.1 改性环氧树脂透水混凝土 12

3.1.1 改性环氧树脂透水混凝土的抗压强度分析 12

3.1.2 改性环氧树脂透水混凝土的抗折强度分析 12

3.1.3 改性环氧树脂透水混凝土的孔隙率分析 13

3.1.4 小结 13

3.2 聚合物透水水泥混凝土 13

3.2.1 聚合物透水水泥混凝土的抗压强度分析 14

3.2.2 聚合物透水水泥混凝土的透水系数分析 14

3.2.3 小结 15

3.3 地聚物基透水混凝土 15

3.3.1 地聚物基透水混凝土的力学性能分析 15

3.3.2 地聚物基透水混凝土的透水系数分析 15

3.3.3 小结 16

3.4 三种透水混凝土对比 16

第4章 试验验证分析 18

4.1 水灰比和集灰比对透水混凝土的影响 18

4.1.1 力学性能 18

4.1.2 透水能力 18

4.1.3 机理分析 19

4.2 其他添加剂对透水混凝土的影响 19

4.2.1 实验方案 19

4.2.2 力学性能 20

4.2.3 透水性能 21

4.3 SEM分析 21

4.4 结论 22

第5章 结论 23

参考文献 24

致 谢 26

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