添加剂对耐热陶瓷抗热震性能的影响研究毕业论文
2021-11-23 21:12:28
论文总字数:27879字
摘 要
钛酸铝陶瓷材料具有良好的耐高温性,热膨胀系数较低,抗热震性能十分出色,是一种理想的抗热震耐热陶瓷材料。但由于它具有两个缺点:机械强度低、700-1300℃温度范围内易分解成α-Al2O3和TiO2(金红石),应用受到很大限制。
本文从钛酸铝陶瓷着手,主要研究添加剂对耐热陶瓷抗热震性能的影响。通过比较和分析从引入不同添加剂以及同种添加剂不同添加量对钛酸铝结构性能的影响,明确添加剂对于改善钛酸铝结构性能的作用机理,总结出添加剂对耐热陶瓷抗热震性的影响规律。
MgO的引入可以形成固溶体,有效提高钛酸铝的热稳定性,引入3%的MgO即可有效地推迟钛酸铝的热分解,镁铝尖晶石的形成还能有效增强钛酸铝的强度,同时对钛酸铝材料的低热膨胀性影响不大;引入Fe2O3可以形成固溶体,抑制钛酸铝材料的分解,降低合成的温度,但引入量超过10%反而会对抗弯强度不利,抑制钛酸铝分解的效果也会下降;引入SiO2可以形成固溶体,能改善钛酸铝的热稳定性,还能形成莫来石晶粒通过物理效应提高其力学强度,当SiO2掺入量从2%增加到4%时,AT试样的抗弯强度、经过热震冲击后的抗弯强度以及热震冲击后的抗弯强度保持率反而会下降;ZrO2的加入能够增加液相的量,促进烧结,有效提高钛酸铝陶瓷材料的力学强度,同时对钛酸铝材料热膨胀系数无太大影响,当ZrO2掺入量从3%增加到4%时,AT试样的抗弯强度、热震冲击后的抗弯强度保持率反而会下降;引入单一添加剂并不能完全改善钛酸铝材料的性能,制备钛酸铝材料往往引入复合添加剂。
关键词:钛酸铝;添加剂;稳定性;抗热震性
Abstract
Aluminum titanate ceramic material has good high temperature resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient and excellent thermal shock resistance. However, due to its two disadvantages: low mechanical strength and easy decomposition into -Al2O3 and TiO2(rutile) within the temperature range of 700-1300℃, its application is greatly limited.
In this paper, the influence of heat - resistant ceramic additive on the thermal shock resistance of aluminum titanate ceramic was studied. By comparing and analyzing the effects of different additives and different amounts of the same additives on the structural properties of aluminum titanate, the mechanism of the additives in improving the structural properties of aluminum titanate was clarified, and the influence rule of the additives on the thermal shock resistance of heat-resistant ceramics was summarized.In addition, an experimental scheme was designed to verify the effect of additives on aluminum titanate ceramics.
The introduction of MgO can form a solid solution, which can effectively improve the thermal stability of aluminum titanate. The introduction of 3% MgO can effectively delay the thermal decomposition of aluminum titanate. The formation of magnesium aluminum spinel can also effectively enhance the strength of aluminum titanate, and at the same time have little influence on the low thermal expansion property of aluminum titanate. The introduction of Fe2O3 can form a solid solution, inhibit the decomposition of aluminum titanate materials, and reduce the synthesis temperature. However, the introduction of more than 10% will be detrimental to the bending strength, and the inhibition effect of aluminum titanate decomposition will also decline. Introduction of SiO2 can form solid solution, can improve the thermal stability of aluminium titanate, also can form mullite grains by physical effect to improve the mechanical strength, when the amount of SiO2 with increased from 2% to 4%, AT the sample of bending strength, bending strength after thermal shock impact and bending strength after thermal shock impact retention rate will decline; The addition of ZrO2 can increase the amount of liquid phase, promote sintering, and effectively improve the mechanical strength of aluminum titanate ceramic materials. Meanwhile, it has little influence on the thermal expansion coefficient of aluminum titanate materials. When the addition of ZrO2 increases from 3% to 4%, the flexural strength of AT samples and the retention rate of flexural strength after thermal shock impact will decrease. The properties of aluminum titanate can not be improved completely by introducing a single additive.
Key Words:aluminum titanate;additive;stability;thermal shock resistance
目 录
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 耐热陶瓷材料 1
1.1.1 锂质耐热陶瓷材料 1
1.1.2 董青石耐热陶瓷材料 2
1.1.3 钛酸铝耐热陶瓷材料 2
1.2 钛酸铝陶瓷材料国内外研究现状 3
1.2.1 提高钛酸铝材料机械强度的研究 3
1.2.2 改善钛酸铝材料热稳定性的研究 4
1.3 课题研究的目的、意义及内容 4
1.3.1 研究的目的、意义 4
1.3.2 研究内容 4
第2章 影响钛酸铝陶瓷材料热震性能的因素分析 6
2.1 钛酸铝材料简介 6
2.1.1 钛酸铝材料的结构 6
2.1.1 钛酸铝材料的性能 7
2.2 工艺条件对钛酸铝陶瓷材料热震性能的影响 8
2.2.1 配料组成 8
2.2.2 粉料细度 8
2.2.3 合成方法 9
2.2.4 烧成制度 10
2.3 添加剂对钛酸铝陶瓷材料热震性能的影响 12
2.3.1 MgO添加剂 12
2.3.2 Fe2O3添加剂 14
2.3.3 SiO2添加剂 15
2.3.4 ZrO2添加剂 17
2.3.5 复合添加剂 18
第3章 钛酸铝陶瓷材料的工艺设计 21
3.1 制备工艺流程 21
3.2 配方组成设计 21
3.3 烧成制度 21
3.4 性能测试 22
3.5 研究对健康、安全、成本以及环境等影响的分析 23
第4章 结论 24
参考文献 25
致 谢 28
- 绪论
1.1 耐热陶瓷材料
1.1.1 锂质耐热陶瓷材料
在耐热震陶瓷材料中,锂质耐热陶瓷材料具有优异的低膨胀特性,可广泛应用于陶瓷窑具、感应部件、内燃机部件、高温夹具等众多领域。锂质耐热陶瓷的主要原料就是含锂矿物,这种原料种类比较多,比如有锂云母、叶长石、锂辉石等。
近年来,国内大多使用锂辉石质耐热陶瓷材料。锂辉石的热膨胀系数非常小,它作为普通陶瓷的助熔剂,可以有效降低胎釉的烧成温度。当锂辉石作为陶瓷坯体原料时,坯体会生成以β-锂辉石固溶体为主晶的低热膨胀晶体。该晶体能够吸收体积较小的石英于固溶体,从而有效地抑制残余的石英晶体转化为热膨胀系数更大的方石英晶体。低膨胀晶相β-锂辉石固溶体的形成能有效提高产品的热稳定性。
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