柔性锌离子电池的构筑毕业论文
2021-12-30 20:33:52
论文总字数:23398字
摘 要
随着可穿戴电子设备和可折叠电子设备的迅速发展,如今柔性电池也受到了人们的广泛关注。柔性电池是一种即使受到形变、折叠也能正常工作的电池。现在市场上最常见的是锂离子电池,但是由于锂的储量过小以及单价愈来愈高的原因,使得其难以满足日益增长的市场需求,所以发展新型电池就显得十分重要。本文介绍了一种柔性锌离子电池以及其制备分析方案,该电池以V2O5作为电池阴极,Zn作为电池阳极,ZnSO4/明胶作为凝胶电解质,其中V2O5阴极和Zn阳极都通过沉积技术沉积在活化碳布上。对制备好的V2O5阴极材料和Zn阳极材料进行XRD组成分析,如果能发现V2O5和Zn的组成图谱与标准PDF卡片对应较好,则能证明所制备的材料符合本次实验的要求。再通过TEM分析制备的阴极材料与阳极材料的物质组成,预计可以发现V2O5阴极和Zn阳极都以纳米颗粒或纳米棒的形式均匀地沉积在活化碳布上。将制备好的正极、阴极以及电解质进行封装,并对电池进行电化学性能分析。对电池先进行冲放电长循环测试,预计电池的初始比容量约为170mAh/g,且经过几十次循环后比容量下降至100mAh/g左右,且预计电池具有超高的库伦效率(99%)。再对电池作伏安循环测试,将测试结果绘图,如果氧化峰和还原峰能够保持对称,则说明电池电极反应具有可逆性。最终估计还原峰的大小约为1.66V,氧化峰约为0.134。最后对制备的电池做充放电倍率测试,预测该电池在高倍率的条件下仍具有较高的容量。最后对电池进行弯曲性能测试,将弯曲的电池串联起来点亮多个小LED灯,预计该电池仍能较好的完成工作。
关键词: 柔性电池 沉积 Zn离子 五氧化二钒
The Fabrication of Flexible Zinc Ion Battery
Abstract
With the rapid development of wearable electronic devices and foldable electronic devices, flexible batteries have also attracted extensive attention. Flexible battery is a kind of battery that can work even when it is deformed and folded. The most common type of battery on the market today is a lithium-ion battery. However, the storage of lithium is too small and its price becomes higher and higher, which makes it difficult to meet the growing market demand. Therefore, it is very important to develop a new type of battery. We introduce a flexible zinc ion battery and its preparation and analysis scheme. The battery uses V2O5 as the battery cathode, Zn as the battery anode, and ZnSO4/ gelatin as the gel electrolyte, in which both the V2O5 cathode and Zn anode are deposited on the activated carbon cloth by deposition technology. The XRD composition analysis of the prepared V2O5 cathode material and Zn anode material should be conducted. If it can be found that the composition diagram of V2O5 and Zn corresponds well to the standard PDF card, it can be proved that the prepared material meets the requirements of this experiment. Through TEM analysis of the material composition of the cathode material and the anode material, it is expected that both the V2O5 cathode and the Zn anode are uniformly deposited on the activated carbon cloth in the form of nanoparticles or nanorods. After the prepared anode, cathode and electrolyte being encapsulated, the electrochemical performance of the battery need to be analyzed. It is estimated that the initial specific capacity of the battery is about 170 mAh/g, and after dozens of cycles, the specific capacity drops to about 100mAh/g, and it is estimated that the battery has ultra-high coulombic efficiency (99%). The Cyclic Voltammetry test will be carried out on the battery, and plot the test results. If the oxidation peak and the reduction peak could remain symmetrical, the battery electrode reaction would be reversible. The final reduction peak is estimated to be about 1.66v, and the oxidation peak is about 0.134. At last, the charge and discharge rate of the battery is tested, and the battery is predicted to have a high capacity even at a high rate. Finally, the bending performance of the battery is tested. The bent battery is connected in series to light up several small LED lights. It is expected that the battery can still complete its work well.
Key words:Flexible battery; deposition; zinc-ion; V2O5
目录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章 引言 1
1.1 锌离子电池介绍 1
1.2 锌离子电池原理 2
1.3锌离子电池的构成 3
1.3.1 锌离子电池阴极材料 3
1.3.2 锌离子电池的阳极材料 7
1.3.3 锌离子电池电解质 8
1.4 柔性锌离子电池 9
1.4.1 柔性锌离子电池结构 9
1.4.2 柔性锌离子电池集流体 10
1.5 本课题选题依据和主要研究内容 11
1.5.1 本课题选题依据 11
1.5.2 本次论文的主要研究内容 12
第二章 实验研究及方法 13
2.1 主要实验原料和仪器 13
2.1.1 主要实验原料 13
2.1.2 主要实验仪器 14
2.2 实验方案及流程 14
2.2.1 实验方案 14
2.2.2 实验流程 15
2.3 材料的表征方法 15
2.3.1 物质组成分析 15
2.3.2 物质形貌分析 16
2.4 电池的电化学分析方法 16
2.4.1 充放电循环测试 16
2.4.2 循环伏安测试 16
2.2.3 充放电倍率测试 16
第三章 材料的表征分析与形貌分析 17
3.1 材料的表征分析 17
3.1.1 V2O5阴极的XRD图像分析 17
3.1.2 锌阳极的XRD图像分析 17
3.2 SEM形貌分析 18
3.2.1 V2O5阴极的SEM形貌分析 18
3.2.2 Zn阳极的SEM形貌分析图 18
第四章 电池的组装和电化学性能测试 20
4.1 柔性锌离子电池的组装 20
4.2 电化学测试与结果分析 20
4.2.1 充放电循环测试 20
4.2.2 循环伏安测试 21
4.2.3充放电倍率测试 22
4.3 形变测试与分析 23
第五章 结论 25
5.1 实验总结 25
参考文献 26
致谢 29
第一章 引言
1.1 锌离子电池介绍
人类的前进离不开良好的地球环境,而因为人们对环境的破坏,全球的平均气温上升,但又无法舍弃对于煤、石油等不可再生能源的使用,人类对于开发新型能源的要求越来越迫切。然而,诸如风能、太阳能等可再生能源的发展限制以及不可持续能源收集和使用的缺陷,限制了人们对其的开发利用。因此,我们需要将其转化为化学能源进行存储,其中储能器件在储能过程中起了主导作用。电池也成为了现在科学研究的热点。
电池是一种装置,该装置可以将化学能转化为电能,常见的电池可以分为两类,分别是可充电电池和一次性电池,又分别被称为二次电池和一次电池。一次电池是使用完了便无法再充电继续使用的电池,而二次电池则正好相反。常见的二次电池有铅蓄电池,镍氢电池和锂离子电池[1]。如今锂电池仍占了市场上的大部分的份额。
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