等通道角挤压Ti-6Al-7Nb钛合金组织和性能研究毕业论文
2022-01-21 21:59:56
论文总字数:21576字
摘 要
本文是通过等通道角挤压(Equal Channel Angular Pressing,ECAP)方法加工Ti-6Al-7Nb钛合金,研究晶粒细化后的Ti-6Al-7Nb合金力学性能和耐腐蚀性上的变化,为Ti-6Al-7Nb合金的进一步应用提供理论指导。实验中,通过ECAP处理得到超细晶(Ultra-fine Grained,UFG)Ti-6Al-7Nb合金试样,对UFG态Ti-6Al-7Nb合金试样进行热处理得到粗晶(Coarse-Grain,CG)Ti-6Al-7Nb合金试样。采用光学显微镜(Optical Microscope,OM)、电子背散射衍射(Electron Backscattered Diffraction,EBSD)等分析测试手段研究UFG态Ti-6Al-7Nb合金和CG态Ti-6Al-7Nb合金的微观组织。采用维氏硬度仪、电化学测试的分析测试手段,研究UFG态Ti-6Al-7Nb合金和CG态Ti-6Al-7Nb合金的力学性能和腐蚀性能。
本次研究结果表明:
(1)热处理后粗晶Ti-6Al-7Nb合金试样晶粒粗大并且有明显的晶界,出现明显的双态组织。
(2)相比于粗晶Ti-6Al-7Nb合金,超细晶Ti-6Al-7Nb合金的晶粒细小且晶粒分布较为均匀。
(3)超细晶Ti-6Al-7Nb合金试样平均晶粒尺寸为0.4μm,热处理后粗晶Ti-6Al-7Nb合金试样晶粒尺寸增大,平均晶粒尺寸达到13.8μm。
(4)超细晶Ti-6Al-7Nb合金试样小角度晶界占比为39%,热处理后粗晶Ti-6Al-7Nb合金试样的小角度晶界减少,减少到22.4%。
(5)超细晶Ti-6Al-7Nb合金试样的硬度值为418.87,热处理后粗晶Ti-6Al-7Nb合金试样硬度降低,硬度值减少到366.08。
(6)通过极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱结果分析,超细晶Ti-6Al-7Nb合金试样的耐腐蚀性优于粗晶Ti-6Al-7Nb合金试样。
关键词:等通道角挤压 钛合金 Ti-6Al-7Nb 热处理 腐蚀性能 硬度
Microstructure and Properties of Ti-6Al-7Nb Titanium Alloy by Equal Channel Angular Pressing
Abstract
In this paper, Ti-6Al-7Nb titanium alloy was processed by Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) method to study the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy after grain refinement. Further application of the Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy provides theoretical guidance. In the experiment, an ultrafine-grained (UFG) Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy sample was obtained by ECAP treatment, and the UFG Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy sample was heat-treated to obtain coarse-grain (Coarse-Grain, CG) Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy sample. The microstructures of UFG Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy and CG Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy were studied by optical microscopy (OM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The mechanical properties and corrosion properties of UFG Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy and CG Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy were studied by means of Vickers hardness tester and electrochemical test.
The results of this study indicate that:
(1) After heat treatment, the coarse-grained Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy sample has coarse crystal grains and obvious grain boundaries, and a distinct two-state structure appears.
(2) Compared with the coarse-grained Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy, the ultrafine-grained Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy has fine crystal grains and uniform grain distribution.
(3) The average grain size of the ultrafine grained Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy sample was 0.4 μm. The grain size of the coarse grained Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy sample increased after heat treatment, and the average grain size reached 13.8 μm.
(4) The small-angle grain boundary ratio of the ultra-fine grained Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy sample is 39%, and the small-angle grain boundary of the coarse-grained Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy sample after heat treatment is reduced to 22.4%.
(5) The hardness value of the ultrafine grained Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy sample was 418.87. After heat treatment, the hardness value of the coarse grained Ti-6Al-7Nb
alloy sample decreased to 366.08.
- According to the results of polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the corrosion resistance of ultrafine grained Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy samples is better than that of coarse grained Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy samples.
KEY WORDS: ECAP;titanium alloy;Ti-6Al-7Nb;heat treatment;Corrosion performance;hardness
目录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章 绪 论 1
1.1钛及钛合金 1
1.2剧烈塑性变形方法 2
1.2.1等通道角挤压法 2
1.2.2 ECAP的简介及原理 2
1.3 ECAP对材料性能影响 3
1.3.1物理性能 3
1.3.2力学性能 4
1.3.3耐腐蚀性 4
1.4电化学腐蚀 5
1.5 论文研究目的与研究内容 5
第二章 实验内容与方法 7
2.1实验方案 7
2.2实验方法 7
2.2.1 ECAP 7
2.2.2 热处理 7
2.2.3 金相制备与组织观察 8
2.3.4 EBSD表征 9
2.3.5维氏硬度测试 9
2.3.6 电化学测试 9
第三章 实验结果与讨论 11
3.1 金相实验结果 11
3.2 EBSD实验结果 11
3.3维氏硬度测试 14
3.4 电化学测试 15
3.4.1电化学阻抗谱测试 15
3.4.2动电位极化曲线测试 16
第四章 结论及展望 18
4.1结论 18
4.2展望 19
参考文献 20
致 谢 24
第一章 绪 论
1.1钛及钛合金
金属钛(Ti)及其合金从20世纪初就开始引起人们的关注。20世纪中在医学上开始应用[1]。纯钛由于在物理性质上存在比重轻、耐高温、抗腐蚀、良好的生物惰性和生物相容性的优点被广泛用作生物医用材料。近几年来,钛合金越来越受到生物材料的关注,因为它们具有优异的比强度、耐腐蚀性、无过敏问题和金属生物材料之间最佳的生物相容性等性能[2-4]。在这些研究和开发中,用于生物医学应用的新钛合金的开发受到越来越多的人关注,并且用于生物医学应用的无毒元素组成的形状记忆钛合金的研究也越来越多。用于改善钛合金生物相容性和生物活性表面改性的研究和开发也越来越多,因为从成骨模式的角度来看钛合金被归类为生物惰性材料。在老龄化社会中,对轮椅、人工肢体和腿等保健用品的需求也在增加,钛合金在医疗保健产品领域也受到越来越多的关注。
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