矿物掺合料对水泥砂浆抗硫酸盐侵蚀的影响毕业论文
2022-04-17 22:13:02
论文总字数:25867字
摘 要
水泥基材料在当今世界各国的基础设施建设中发挥着不可替代的作用。而且,随着该材料广泛的应用,如何提高其耐久性能成为当前亟待解决的一个热点问题。硫酸盐对混凝土建筑的侵蚀影响尤为严重。而矿物掺合料的掺入可以改变内部的结构,抑制碱集料反应,改善混凝土的抗渗透的能力,对抗硫酸盐侵蚀发挥着重要作用。
本文通过对掺有不同质量百分比的粉煤灰和矿渣的水泥试块的性能以及在水和硫酸钠溶液中浸泡一定龄期的水泥硬化体的抗蚀系数的研究和粉煤灰及矿渣的活性指数分析,结果发现:
(1)通过对粉煤灰和矿渣进行活性指数检验,矿渣的活性指数比粉煤灰的活性指数高,实验中采用的粉煤灰以及的活性都比较高;
(2)通过潜在膨胀性能试验(P法)发现,粉煤灰或矿渣掺量较少时,可以减小侵蚀程度。而掺量较大时,侵蚀程度反而增大。复掺矿物掺合料作用下,矿渣对抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能的影响比粉煤灰的要大;
(3)通过浸泡抗蚀试验(K法)发现,随着粉煤灰掺量的增多,抗蚀系数不断增大,即抗蚀性能越好。而对于矿渣来说,它的掺量不断增大时,抗硫酸盐侵蚀性先增大后减小。复掺矿物掺合料时,粉煤灰对水泥砂浆抗硫酸盐性能的作用要比矿渣粉的作用大;
(4)通过潜在膨胀性能以及浸泡抗蚀性能的检测,发现矿物掺合料的加入导致这两种检测方法的结论相反,即加入矿物掺合料会导致潜在膨胀性增加,而与此同时,它会导致浸泡抗蚀系数的增加。
关键词:矿物掺合料 水泥砂浆 硫酸盐侵蚀
Effect of Mineral Admixtures on Sulfate Resistance
of Cement Mortar
ABSTRACT
In the world today, cement-based materials play a crucial role in infrastructure field. Moreover, as the material is more widely used, how to improve its durability becomes a hot issue to be solved. Sulfate attack on concrete building erosion is particularly serious. The incorporation of mineral admixtures can change the internal structure, inhibit alkali aggregate reaction and improve resistance to penetration of the concrete. It is vital for concrete to improve the ability of sulfate attack resistance.
Through the alloys with different mass percentage of fly ash and slag. It tests block performance. In addition, it also measures the corrosion resistance coefficient of the samples with fly ash and slag, soaking in water and sodium sulfate solution. At the same time. It analyses the activity of fly ash and slag. It showed the following results:
(1)Based on experiments of fly ash and slag activity index, we can know slag is chaotic. Its activity index is higher. In the experiment, fly ash that we used has high activity, while slag is of good quality.
(2) Potential expansion performance tests (P method) found that when less fly ash or slag was introduced, expansion is significantly eased. While large amount showed that its expansion is greater than the expansion without mineral admixtures. Under complex admixture effect, the impact on the expansion of slag was larger while the effect of fly ash was smaller;
(3) The test of soaking erosion resistance coefficient (K method) found that with the increase of fly ash, the erosion resistance coefficient increased. It meant that sulfate resistance became better. While with the increase of slag content, the erosion resistance coefficient increased and decreased then. Namely sulfate attack resistance is reduced. Mixing with mineral admixtures, the impact on the sulfate attack
resistance of fly ash was greater;
(4) By detecting potential expansion properties and corrosion resistance of immersion, discovery of mineral admixtures added two methods lead to the conclusion that the exact opposite. That is, adding mineral admixtures could result in potential expansion increased, while at the same time, it will lead to erosion resistance coefficient increased.
Key words: Mineral admixture; Cement mortar; Sulfate attack resistance
目 录
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 矿物掺合料的研究现状 1
1.1.1矿物掺合料的分类 1
1.1.2 矿物掺合料的效应 2
1.1.3矿物掺合料的作用 5
1.2 硫酸盐对混凝土的侵蚀机理 5
1.2.1钙矾石结晶膨胀机理 6
1.2.2石膏结晶侵蚀机理 6
1.2.3硫酸镁溶蚀结晶机理 6
1.2.4碱金属硫酸盐结晶型 6
1.3 混凝土硫酸盐侵蚀主要影响因素 7
1.3.1 影响混凝土硫酸盐侵蚀的内因 7
1.3.2影响混凝土硫酸盐侵蚀的外因 8
1.4 防止或减轻硫酸盐侵蚀混凝土的方法 9
1.4.1改变熟料矿物组成 9
1.4.2提高密实性、改善孔结构 9
1.4.3采取表层处理或涂覆 10
1.5 硫酸盐侵蚀实验及检测方法 10
1.6 课题研究内容与意义 10
1.6.1研究内容 10
1.6.2研究意义 10
1.6.3研究思路 11
第二章 试验原料与方法 13
2.1 试验原料及其性质 13
2.1.1水泥 13
2.1.2超细矿渣粉 13
2.1.3粉煤灰 13
2.1.4其他原料 14
2.2 试验方法 14
2.2.1粉煤灰及矿渣的活性检验 14
2.2.2 水泥抗硫酸盐侵蚀试验方法 15
第三章 实验数据及结果分析 17
3.1 矿渣及粉煤灰的活性指数 17
3.1.1 粉煤灰的活性检验 17
3.1.2 矿渣的活性检验 17
3.2 潜在膨胀性能试验 18
3.3 浸泡抗蚀性能试验的抗蚀系数 24
3.4 P法和K法的区别及联系 27
第四章 结论与展望 29
4.1 结论 29
4.2 展望 29
参考文献 31
致 谢 31
第一章 绪 论
自从生产出了水泥,基于水泥混凝土的一系列优点,如生产方便低廉,坚固等等,致使其在世界各国的基础设施建设中得到越来越广泛的使用。但随着混凝土材料的大量使用,混凝土的耐久性问题也逐渐显现。由此出发,如何提高混凝土的耐久性,怎样处理因使用混凝土而带来的衍生问题,成为各国混凝土方面专家学者的研究重点。
其中,硫酸盐类化合物对混凝土的腐蚀最为常见,也是最主要的腐蚀形式。比如在工业生产中,化工废水里就会含有SO42-,它们与水泥浆体发生反应形成不溶性的钙盐,逐渐使其开裂剥落,强度严重下降。在我国的沿海、西部地区,由于硫酸盐侵蚀的存在,引起混凝土建筑破坏的工程实例[1]显露无遗。
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