石墨烯环氧树脂复合材料制备及电磁性能研究毕业论文
2021-05-19 00:03:41
摘 要
石墨烯以其优异的电学、力学和热学性能被广泛的应用于改善复合材料的热导、力学及电磁等性能。石墨烯环氧树脂复合材料是研究其电学性能最为广泛的体系之一,将石墨烯作为纳米填料复配到环氧树脂基体中,能够显著提升环氧基复合材料的电磁性能。而钡铁氧体作为一种磁损耗型吸波剂,与电损耗型吸波剂的石墨烯搭配,能够进一步提升复合材料的吸波性能。
论文主要研究了石墨烯环氧树脂复合材料的电磁性能,利用XRD与原子力显微镜对石墨烯微观结构进行了分析。之后采用超声混合法制备兼具介电、磁损耗等功能的石墨烯-钡铁氧体环氧树脂复合材料,利用矢量网络分析仪对复合材料的电磁性能进行测试。得到的电磁参数用HFSS软件分析其具体的电磁性能。
研究结果表明:随着石墨烯含量从2%上升到3%,其电磁参数均有上升,就其自身的介电常数而言,随频率的升高而降低;较之复介电常数的明显变化,不同含量石墨烯复合材料的复磁导率实部与虚部的变化幅度不大,总体趋势同样随频率的增大而减小。对2wt%石墨烯的复合材料的电磁参数使用HFSS软件进行模拟,在12GHz时存在一个吸收峰值,大约为-3dB。在原有的复合材料组分中加入了磁损耗型吸波剂钡铁氧体,其吸波性能得到了显著的提升。在钡铁氧体含量为25wt%时,其吸收峰值在12.5GHz处达到了-22.25dB。增加吸波层的厚度,复合材料的吸收峰值有着向低频移动的趋势。
本文的特色在于采用了钡铁氧体作为磁吸波剂,大大提高了石墨烯复合材料的吸波性能。
关键词:石墨烯;复合材料;吸波
Abstract
Graphene is widely used to improve the properties of composites due to its extraordinary electronic, thermal and mechanical characteristics. Graphene/epoxy composite material is one of typical systems which could be used to research about the electromagnetic properties of graphene. Add graphene into the epoxy resin as a nano-filler could enhance composite's electromagnetic properties. Meanwhile, add barium ferrite as a magnetic loss radar absorbing materials, works with graphene which is an electric loss radar absorbing materials, could improve composites' abilities of microwave absorbing sharply.
Electromagnetic properties of graphene/epoxy resin composites were studied in this paper. And the microstructures of graphene were observed by XRD and AFM. Then, a kind of grapheme/barium ferrite composites which both have electrics and magnetic loss abilities was fabricated by carrying out ultrasonic dispersion method, and the effects of its electromagnetic has been investigated by network analyzer. Finally, software named HFSS was used to simulate its electromagnetic properties.
The results show that, electromagnetic parameters of composites increase with graphene content arise from 2wt% to 3wt%. The permittivity of composite reduces with increasing of frequency. Although the permeability of composites with different barium ferrite content decreases slightly with the increase of frequency, the total permeability variation is not obvious. Graphene composite electromagnetic parameters using HFSS software simulation, there is an absorption peak at 12GHz, about -3dB. And the composites’ properties improved sharply after add into barium ferrite. When the mass fraction of barium ferrite is up to 25%, the peak value is -22.25dB at 12.5GHz. .Increase the thickness of microwave absorbing layer, the peak value is move to lower frequency.
This paper's feature is select barium ferrite as a magnetic loss radar absorbing materials, improved graphene/epoxy resin composite microwave absorbing ability observably.
Key words: graphene, composite, microwave absorbing
目 录
第1章 绪论 1
1.1吸波材料概述 1
1.1.1吸波材料的定义 1
1.1.2吸波材料理论简介 1
1.2 吸波剂简介 2
1.2.1石墨烯吸波剂 2
1.2.2钡铁氧体吸波剂 6
1.3研究内容和目的 6
第2章 实验材料的准备和测试方法 8
2.1 引言 8
2.2 实验部分 8
2.2.1 实验所用原材料及化学试剂 8
2.2.2 实验用仪器设备 8
2.3 复合材料的结构及性能表征方法 9
2.3.1 X射线衍射法 9
2.3.2 原子力显微镜法 9
2.3.3 矢量网络分析仪法 9
第3章 石墨烯复合材料的制备与组织结构的表征 10
3.1 引言 10
3.2 复合材料的制备 10
3.3 石墨烯与钡铁氧体的XRD分析结果 11
3.4 石墨烯的原子力显微镜分析结果 12
3.5 本章小结 12
第4章 石墨烯环氧树脂复合材料的电磁性能研究 14
4.1 引言 14
4.2 模型的建立 15
4.3 石墨烯的电磁参数分析 15
4.4 本章小结 18
第5章 总结及展望 20
参考文献 21
致谢 22
第1章 绪论
1.1 吸波材料概述
1.1.1 吸波材料的定义
在第二次世界大战后,雷达技术有了突飞猛进的发展,现代战场上,侦察与反侦察是制胜的关键。隐身技术可以有效躲避雷达的搜索,使己方在战场上站在战略的制高点。这种隐身技术的原理即是介质吸收电磁波,并与电磁波相互作用使其转化为热能与其它形式能量的过程[4]。常用的吸波材料主要有碳、石墨、铁氧体等。
按照吸波原理,我们可以将吸波材料划分为干涉型和吸收型[5]。干涉型吸波材料入射的雷达波在材料的表层形成反射波,并在同时于底层产生反射波,它们的振幅相等、相位相反,如此一来便产生了电磁波的干涉效应,它们作用并相互抵消以达到衰减的目的。而吸收型则是利用材料本身的电磁效应,对电磁波进行消耗的材料。按照电磁波的损耗方式,又能够分为电阻损耗型、磁损耗型以及介电损耗型吸波材料。