论文总字数：19296字

摘 要

本文采用短切碳纤维增强不饱和聚酯树脂并研究其在中温区制备的最佳参数，并将其与短切玻璃纤维增强低密度不饱和聚酯树脂的性能进行比较。

本课题第一阶段首先通过实验确定正交实验的因素范围，通过观察碳纤维增强树脂样品的显微结构预估碳纤维的长度范围，通过粘度实验预估碳纤维的掺量范围，然后再通过凝胶实验预估固化剂掺量和固化的温度区间。第二阶段开始进行正交实验，以成型温度、发泡剂掺量、碳纤维长度和碳纤维掺量这四个变量为因素进行四因素五水平的正交实验，再对比样品的表观密度和压缩强度综合确定最佳工艺条件，通过扫描电镜观察样品的泡孔结构和缺陷。

预测正交实验的碳纤维的长度范围为2.0~10.0 mm，碳纤维的掺量范围为0.10~0.90 phr，固化剂掺量为1.5 phr，固化温度区间为72~80 ℃。正交实验结果以具体实验结果分析为准。预测本实验最佳样品的密度和比强度均优于同类型实验。预测通过扫描电子显微镜观察，最佳样品的泡孔分布均匀，纤维分散均匀。

关键词：低密度 短切碳纤维 不饱和聚酯树脂 中温区

Preparation of short carbon fiber/unsaturated polyester resin composites in middle temperature range

Abstract

In this paper, we use chopped carbon fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester resin and study the best parameters of its preparation in the middle temperature range, and compare it with the performance of chopped glass fiber reinforced low density unsaturated polyester resin.

In the first stage of this project, the factor range of the orthogonal experiment was first determined by experiment, the length range of the carbon fiber was estimated by observing the microstructure of the carbon fiber reinforced resin sample, the range of the carbon fiber content was estimated by the viscosity experiment, and then the gel experiment Estimate the curing agent dosage and curing temperature range. In the second stage, the orthogonal experiment was started. Four factors and five levels of orthogonal experiments were conducted with the four variables of molding temperature, blowing agent content, carbon fiber length and carbon fiber content as factors, and then the apparent density and compression of the samples were compared. Strength comprehensively determines the best process conditions, and observes the cell structure and defects of the sample through the scanning electron microscope.

It is predicted that the length of carbon fiber in orthogonal experiment is 2.0~10.0 mm, the content of carbon fiber is 0.10~0.90 phr, the content of curing agent is 1.5 phr, and the curing temperature range is 72~80 ℃. The results of orthogonal experiment are subject to the analysis of specific experiment results. It is predicted that the density and specific strength of the best sample in this experiment are better than the same type of experiment.It is predicted that through the observation of the scanning electron microscope, the cells of the best sample are evenly distributed and the fibers are evenly dispersed.

Key words: Carbon fiber; Low density; Unsaturated polyester resin;Moderate temperature zone

目录

摘 要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景 1

1.2 不饱和聚酯树脂 1

1.2.1 不饱和聚酯树脂的简介 1

1.2.2 不饱和聚酯树脂的性能 1

1.2.3 不饱和聚酯树脂研究现状 2

1.3 碳纤维 2

1.3.1 碳纤维特点 2

1.3.2 碳纤维应用与研究现状 3

1.4 碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料 5

1.4.1 碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料的分类 5

1.4.2 碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料的应用 5

1.5 低密度不饱和聚酯树脂 6

1.5.1 低密度不饱和聚酯树脂的特性 6

1.5.2 低密度不饱和聚酯树脂的制备方法 6

1.5.3 低密度不饱和聚酯树脂的研究现状 6

1.6 课题研究背景、研究目的及创新点 7

1.6.1 研究背景 7

1.6.2 研究目的 7

1.6.3 创新点 8

第二章 实验部分 10

2.1 实验思路 10

2.2 碳酸氢铵发泡机理 10

2.3 实验部分 11

2.3.1 实验原料 11

2.3.2 实验仪器 11

2.3.3 正交实验因素范围确定实验 12

2.3.4 试样制备 12

2.4 实验标准 14

第三章 实验结果预测 15

3.1 预实验分析过程 15

3.1.1 碳纤维长度选取分析 15

3.1.2 碳纤维掺量分析 15

3.1.3 固化温度范围和固化剂掺量分析 15

3.2 正交实验分析 16

3.4 扫描电镜观察泡孔结构 16

第四章 结论与展望 19

4.1 结论 19

4.2 展望 19

参考文献 20

致谢 21

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