论文总字数：21176字

摘 要

铁电材料作为一种高应变，高驱动力的材料，被广泛应用于各种生产和生活领域。具有钙钛矿结构的铌镁酸铅-钛酸铅-锆酸铅PZT含铅压电陶瓷，因其优异的应变性能，已经被长期广泛地应用于传感器或制动器材料，这些设备主要是利用铁电材料的电致伸缩效应引发的应变性能。然而，铅是一种有毒且极易挥发的物质，对环境和人类都会造成极大的伤害，寻找出含铅陶瓷的替代品的任务显得非常迫切。因此人们开始寻找铅基陶瓷材料(如PZT)的替代品。

本论文研究的对象为用La³ 掺杂钛酸铋钠-钛酸铋，采用传统固相烧结反应法制备钛酸铋钠-钛酸铋，固定第一烧结温度800 ℃，第二烧结温度1150 ℃，保温2 h的烧结机制。在同一烧结机制下，通过改变La³ 的掺量分别为0% 、2 %、3 %、4%、5%，研究La³ 的掺量对合成的BNBT无铅反铁电材料的物相由铁电相变为非铁电相，形貌晶粒尺寸以及压电性能增强的影响。 在外加电场75 KV/cm²、频率0.5 HZ的测试条件下测量P-E和S-E曲线，结果发现，当La³ 掺量为2% 时，对应的最大应变可达到0.38%。

关键词：La³ 掺杂 钛酸铋钠-钛酸钡 应变 反铁电性能

Abstract

Ferroelectric materials with high strain and high force have been used in many production and living field. Lead magnesium niobate - lead titanate - lead zirconate lead PZT lead-containing piezoelectric ceramics with perovskite structure has been widely used in sensor or brake materials for a long time due to its excellent strain properties. These devices are mainly made of ferroelectric materials. Strain effect caused by strain effect. However, lead is a toxic and highly volatile material, the environment and human beings will cause great harm, to find a substitute for lead-containing ceramic task is very urgent, so people began looking for lead-based ceramic materials (such as PZT ),。

The research object of this paper is Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃-BaTiO₃ ceramics doped by La³ and we prepare the Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃-BaTiO₃ system by the traditional solid. The first sintering temperature point of 800 ℃, the second sintering temperature point of 1150 ℃ and the sintering time of 2 h were fixed. Under the same sintering mechanism, the content of La³ was 0%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% respectively by changing the content of La³ . The phase of the synthesized BNBT lead-free antiferroelectric material was studied by ferroelectric Phase change to non-ferroelectric phase, grain size and piezoelectric properties. Polarization-electric field (P-E) and strain-electric (S-E) curves were measured at 75 KV/cm² and 0.5HZ. The results show that the strain can reach 0.38% when the content of La³ is 2 %.

KEY WORDS: La³ doped ; Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃-BaTiO₃ ; Strain ; Anti-ferroelectric properties

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 压电、铁电材料的概述 1

1.1.1 压电材料及特点 1

1.1.2 铁电材料及特点 1

1.1.3 反铁电材料及其特点 2

1.1.4 弛豫铁电体及其特点 3

1.2 无铅铁电材料的研究进展 3

1.2.1 钨青铜结构铁电体 3

1.2.2 铋状结构铁电体 4

1.2.3 钙钛矿结构铁电体 4

1.3 (Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃(简写为BNT)基无铅铁电陶瓷 ..4

1.3.1 BNT基二元体系 5

1.3.2 BNT基三元体系 ..6

1.4 La3 掺杂的BNBT铁电陶瓷.........................................................................7

1.4.1 La³ 掺杂的BNBT无铅压电陶瓷体系.................................................7

1.4.2 La³ 掺杂改性BNBT分析.....................................................................7

1.5 BNT基无铅反铁电陶瓷制备技术 8

1.5.1固相反应法 8

1.5.2 溶胶-凝胶法 8

1.5.3 水热合成法 8

1.5.4 模板生长法 8

1.6 研究内容和目的 .8

第二章 实验过程 10

2.1实验仪器 10

2.2 实验原料 10

2.3 实验步骤 11

第三章 BNT-BT基反铁电陶瓷的掺杂改性研究 14

3.1 La³ 掺量对BNBT陶瓷的影响 14

3.1.1 La³ 掺量对BNT-BT陶瓷显微形貌的影响 14

3.1.2 La³ 掺量对BNT-BT陶瓷电学性能的影响 16

第四章 结论及展望 19

4.1 结论 19

4.2 展望 19

参考文献 18

致 谢 22

第一章 绪论

1.1 压电、铁电材料的概述

1.1.1 压电材料及特点

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