论文总字数：16882字

摘 要

随着人们越来越多地关注环境污染问题，生物降解复合材料成为人们研究的焦点。本文介绍了如何制备PLA/PPC复合材料、扩链剂与填料的加入对复合材料的性能的影响。

本论文的主要工作：在配比为PLA/PPC=60/40的复合材料中分别加入0.3%的扩链剂、0.3%的扩链剂和3%的云母、0.3%的扩链剂和3%的蒙脱土(MMT)。将这些材料用转矩流变仪共混，再用平板硫化机进行压片。通过电子万能试验机、差式扫描量热仪等仪器分析，结论如下：

扩链剂与填料的加入对PLA/PPC复合材料的拉伸强度影响不大，只有微小的提升或下降，对断裂伸长率的影响则很大。加入扩链剂后，复合材料的断裂伸长率提高很明显，拉伸强度提高不大；扩链剂和云母的加入会使拉伸强度下降，断裂伸长率较纯PLA/PPC有提升，但相对于只加了扩链剂则稍稍下降；扩链剂和蒙脱土的加入较前者拉伸强度提升最大，但断裂伸长率却下降的很多。扩链剂的加入增加了PLA/PPC复合材料的结晶度，但幅度很小，云母和蒙脱土的加入却使结晶度提升幅度很大。

关键词：聚碳酸亚丙酯 聚乳酸 力学性能

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of PLA / PPC Composites

Abstract

As people pay more and more attention to environmental pollution problems, biodegradable composites become the focus of people's research. his paper describes how to prepare PLA / PPC composites, the effect of chain extender and filler addition on the properties of composites.

The work done in this article is as follows: 0.3% chain extender, 0.3% chain extender and 3% mica, 0.3% chain extender and 3 (3) were added to the composites with PLA / PPC = 60/40 ratio % Of montmorillonite (MMT). These materials were blended with a torque rheometer and compressed with a flat vulcanizer. The samples were analyzed by means of electronic universal testing machine and differential scanning calorimeter. The following conclusions were drawn:

The addition of chain extenders and fillers had little effect on the tensile strength of PLA / PPC composites, with only a small increase or decrease, and the effect on elongation at break was significant. After adding the chain extender, the elongation at break of the composites is improved and the tensile strength is not improved. The addition of chain extenders and mica will cause the tensile strength to decrease slightly, and the elongation at break is higher than that of pure PLA / PPC, but slightly decreases with respect to the addition of chain extenders. The addition of chain extender and montmorillonite was the highest in tensile strength, but the elongation at break was much lower. Chain extenders increase the crystallinity of the composites, and the addition of mica and montmorillonite will result in a significant increase in crystallinity.

Key words: poly(propylene carbonate)；polylactic acid；mechanical properties；

目 录

摘要…………………………………………………………………………………I

ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………II

第一章 绪论………………………………………………………………………1

1.1 生物降解材料概述……………………………………………………………1

1.2 聚乳酸(PLA)概述…………………………………………………………1

1.3 聚碳酸亚丙酯（PPC）概述……………………………………………………2

1.4 添加剂与填料概述……………………………………………………………3

1.4.1扩链剂的概述……………………………………………………………3

1.4.2 云母的概述………………………………………………………………3

1.4.3 蒙脱土的概述……………………………………………………………4

1.5提高复合材料相容性的途径……………………………………………………4

1.5.1增容剂增容………………………………………………………………4

1.5.2改善共混加工工艺………………………………………………………5

1.6 PLA/PPC的复合材料的现状与展望…………………………………………5

1.6.1 PPC的现状与展望……………………………………………………5

1.6.2 PLA的现状与展………………………………………………………6

1.6.3 PLA/PPC的现状与展望………………………………………………6

1.7 本实验的预期目标……………………………………………………………8

1.8 本文研究的内容和意义………………………………………………………9

第二章 实验部分………………………………………………………………10

2.1 实验原料………………………………………………………………………10

2.2 主要设备及仪器………………………………………………………………10

2.3 PLA/PPC复合材料的制备……………………………………………………11

2.3.1 复合材料的密炼制备……………………………………………………11

2.3.2 复合材料的热压成型……………………………………………………11

2.4 性能测试………………………………………………………………………13

2.4.1力学性能测试……………………………………………………………13

2.4.2 薄膜力学性能测试……………………………………………………13

2.4.3 DSC测试……………………………………………………………13

第三章 实验结果与讨论………………………………………………………14

3.1 拉伸性能分析……………………………………………………………14

3.2 DSC分析……………………………………………………………………17

第四章 结论与展望……………………………………………………………19

参考文献…………………………………………………………………………20

致谢…………………………………………………………………………………22

1. 绪论

1.1 生物降解材料概述

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