论文总字数：24011字

摘 要

新能源汽车产业的蓬勃发展要求锂离子电池拥有更高的能量密度，金属铜的理论能量密度高达2829Wh/Kg，可以作为一种新型的无锂正极材料来进行研究。本文使用不同铜源制备正极片，结合不同的隔膜组装纽扣电池，然后对其进行电化学性能测试，通过对比分析这些因素对锂铜电池性能的影响。

论文通过对比纳米铜和微米铜对锂铜电池性能的影响发现，微米铜作为锂铜电池正极材料性能更加优异。碳修饰隔膜具有抑制铜离子迁移的作用，提升了电池的循环寿命和倍率性能。另外实验发现温度也同样影响锂铜电池的性能，温度越高，电池容量衰减越快。

关键词：锂离子电池；正极材料；隔膜；金属铜

Abstract

With the rapid development of new energy vehicle industry, lithium-ion batteries are required to have higher energy density. The theoretical energy density of copper is as high as 2829wh / kg, which can be used as a potential lithium-free positive material. In this paper, different copper sources are used to prepare positive cathode, and different separators are used to assemble button batteries. The electrochemical performances are tested. The influences of these factors on the performances of lithium copper batteries are analyzed.

By comparing the influence of nano copper and micro copper on the performances of lithium copper battery, it is found that micro copper is more excellent as the positive material for lithium copper battery. The carbon modified membrane can inhibit the migration of copper ions and improve the cycle life and rate performance of the battery. In addition, the temperature also affects the performance of the lithium copper battery. The higher the temperature is, the faster the battery capacity decays.

Key words：Lithium ion battery；Cathode material；Separator；Metal copper

目 录

第1章 绪论....................................................................................................................................1

1.1 引言......................................................................................................................................1

1.2 锂离子电池原理..................................................................................................................1

1.3 正极材料体系......................................................................................................................2

1.4 锂铜电池..............................................................................................................................3

1.5 聚烯烃隔膜材料与隔膜改性..............................................................................................4

1.5.1 碳材料修饰...................................................................................................................5

1.5.2 无机物修饰...................................................................................................................6

1.5.3 聚合物修饰...................................................................................................................6

1.6 固态电解质薄膜..................................................................................................................6

1.7 本文研究目的与主要内容..................................................................................................7

第2章 实验过程............................................................................................................................8

2.1 实验原料和仪器设备..........................................................................................................8

2.2 锂铜电池制备流程..............................................................................................................9

2.2.1 电池电极制备...............................................................................................................9

2.2.2 扣式电池组装...............................................................................................................9

2.3 电化学性能测试方法..........................................................................................................9

2.3.1 充放电循环测试...........................................................................................................9

2.3.2 循环伏安法测试.........................................................................................................10

第3章 锂铜电池的电化学性能分析...........................................................................................11

3.1 隔膜对锂铜电池性能的影响分析.....................................................................................11

3.1.1 PEO固态电解质对锂铜电池性能的影响..................................................................12

3.1.2 涂碳工艺对锂铜电池性能的影响.............................................................................13

3.2 正极材料对锂铜电池性能的影响分析............................................................................14

3.2.1 纳米铜粉作为锂铜电池的正极材料.........................................................................14

3.2.2 微米铜粉作为锂铜电池的正极材料.........................................................................14

3.2.3 纳米铜粉与微米铜粉物相组成差异.........................................................................15

3.3 环境温度对锂铜电池电化学性能的影响........................................................................16

第4章 结论..................................................................................................................................18

参考文献.......................................................................................................................................19

致谢...............................................................................................................................................21

1. 绪论

1.1引言

工业革命使人类社会的生产方式发生了巨大的转变，对能量的需求更大，因此加大了对地球资源的利用。众所周知，当今社会所用的能源大部分为一次能源，即不可再生能源，以当前世界能源使用的速率，地球资源的储存量显然不够承担人类未来发展的需求。所以，寻找新式能源来代替传统能源是当今人类长久发展的必然趋势。

由于地球储备能源有限，以及传统能源的过渡使用带来的环境问题，清洁能源和可再生能源成为人类开发的新方向，其中化学电源的研究和发展表现出其突出的实用性，在各类化学电源中，锂离子电池（LIB）的性能表现优异，以其高容量，小体积和可循环等特点，近年来受到广泛的关注^[1]。

1.2锂离子电池原理

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